ICAHETS - 2024

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/22976

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    Development of an Intelligent Road Safety Mobile Navigation Application Using Machine Learning for Real-Time Accident Hotspot and Severity Prediction: A Case Study in Sri Lanka
    (Transport Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering, 2024) Jayamanna, JMCT; Kalansooriya, P.; Pasindu, H.K.
    In Sri Lanka as well as other countries, traffic accidents are a leading cause of fatalities. Many factors contribute to the high mortality rate in developing countries. One of the reasons that road accidents occur is that people are unaware of common accident locations. The government has already enforced other tactics, like traffic signals and fines, to reduce these incidents, but they have been ineffective. But if people have a way to change their driving patterns based on the common accident locations, so-called hotspots, we can decrease the road traffic accidents that happen on a daily basis. This study focuses on improving road safety by developing an intelligent road safety mobile navigation application that provides real-time alerts on accident hotspots and severity levels to drivers during their journey on the road. This system uses supervised machine learning for building a most suitable model for accident hotspots and severity prediction that is tailored for Sri Lankan accident data by conducting an in-depth review of existing machine learning techniques and analysis of historical accident data. According to the review, comparison, and evaluation, the final predictive machine learning model was implemented using an XGBoost regression model for the prediction of accident hotspots and a random forest classification model for accident severity prediction. By integrating the implemented predictive model, this study proposes a mechanism to gather real-time accident data and the development of the mobile application, which provides the foundation to revolutionize road safety and enables drivers to make safer decisions on the road.
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    An Empirical Study on User Perception of Electric Bus Integration into Public Transit Networks
    (Transport Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering, 2024) Thilakshan, T; Sugathapala, T.; Bandara, S.; Pasindu, H.R.
    Electric buses have emerged as a notable sustainable solution in transportation, garnering considerable attention for their potential to address environmental concerns. The global impetus towards adopting electric buses has witnessed exponential growth, with numerous countries integrating support for electric bus deployment into their national policies. This study evaluates user perceptions regarding the adoption of electric buses, focusing on individuals utilizing both current private and public transit modes. Recognizing passengers as primary stakeholders, their acceptance of electric buses holds significant importance for the efficacy of such initiatives. The objective is to incentivize a transition from private to public transit modes without compromising the existing user base. To achieve this, a questionnaire survey was conducted among potential users to ascertain their perceptions and offer insights to policymakers and authorities regarding pertinent concerns and avenues for enhancement. Employing a Likert scale, the survey assessed the significance of various factors and attributes associated with electric bus adoption. Subsequently, Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) was employed to analyze the gathered data, accounting for multiple criteria and subjective user preferences. The study's findings reflect a predominantly positive inclination towards adopting electric buses, underlining the importance of meticulous planning and implementation to prevent any disruption or deterioration of the existing transit network.
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    Examining Delay Factors and the Related Implications on Highway Projects in Qatar
    (Transport Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering, 2024) Akram, M.M.A.; De Silva, M. J.; Thilakshan, T.; Pasindu, H.R.
    This study investigates the factors contributing to delays in highway projects in Qatar and examines their impact on project outcomes. Highway infrastructures are critical to Qatar’s economic growth, yet project delays remain a persistent challenge. This research analyzes these delays and provides insights to improve project management practices. The study focuses on four key objectives: assessing the impact of delays, identifying influential factors, recognizing underlying causes, and examining broader implications. A mixed-method approach was adopted, with quantitative data gathered from stakeholder surveys and qualitative data collected through open-ended questions. The results indicated that project delays in Qatar were primarily caused by inadequate planning and scheduling, scope changes, unforeseen site conditions, and regulatory challenges. These delays lead to increased costs, extended project timelines, and reduced stakeholder satisfaction. The findings emphasize the need for better project planning, improved coordination, and proactive risk management. The study provides recommendations for stakeholders and policymakers to minimize delays and improve project efficiency. By filling gaps in understanding the causes and effects of delays, this research contributes valuable insights to the field of construction management, supporting the development of more effective strategies for managing highway projects in Qatar.
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    Innovative Approaches to Bitumen Modification: Comparison of Rice Husk Ash, Pyrolysis Carbon Black, and Waste Face Mask Polymers
    (Transport Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering, 2024) Jayasinghe, S.; Hettiarachchi, C.; Mampearachchi, W.K.; Pasindu, H.R.
    Passengers expect a smooth and safe transition along the roads. Bitumen is mainly used in flexible pavement construction. However, inherent shortcomings of bituminous pavement such as rutting, fatigue, thermal cracking and water submergence cause issues related to the pavement performance and its durability. To overcome these shortcomings, modifiers are added to the bitumen to improve its properties. With the advent of sustainable concepts, addition of waste-based material into construction materials to improve their performance while addressing the waste management issue is an emerging area of research. Many researches have utilized waste-based materials as bitumen modifiers. Out of them, Pyrolysis Carbon Black (PCB), Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Waste Face Mask (FM) have been selected for this study by considering the availability on a local basis. Although there are many waste-based modifiers, a critical comparison has not been carried out among them and it is essential to compare these alternatives in multiple aspects to have a better understanding before selecting the most suitable option. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive comparison among three alternatives under performance, environmental and, economic impacts. To evaluate the performance, mechanical and rheological properties are assessed under the suitability to Sri Lankan context. The environmental and economic impacts are evaluated by calculating embodied GHG emission (ECO2-e), embodied energy (EE) and cost values to prepare 1kg of binder. The results indicate PCB is the best modifier for the Sri Lankan practice. PCB-modified binder has 13% decreased EE value and 5% decreased ECO2-e values. Further, the study reveals that PCB is the best cost-effective option by having 13% cost reduction compared to conventional binder. Pavement performance also has improved while adhering to the Sri Lankan Specifications. RHA can be recommended as the second-best alternative.