Master of Science in Textile & Clothing Management

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/73

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item: Thesis-Abstract
Uplift circular fashion business through application of virtual prototyping for refashioning
(2021) Bandulahewa B K M; De Silva RKJ
As a dynamic industry in the globe, the fashion industry is still growing with constantly changing trends. Even though the apparel industry is transforming with new technology and innovation, the limitations in waste management systems and traditional take – make – waste linear business models accumulate higher level of waste every day. Therefore, the industry demands more circular initiatives such as upcycling (redesign and refashion); green and clean lifecycles of products; timeless designs; Product Service Systems (PSS) such as rent lease, swap, secondhand/ vintage clothing; on demand production under circular fashion business models. Circular fashion concept is one of the key aspects in the circular economy, which aims to minimize the waste and optimize the resources. Though the published literature profusely discussed the sustainable fashion, there is still a gap between how theory applies into practice. On the other hand, digital technologies (mostly CAD technologies) are emerging to enable strategic adoptions into the apparel industry such as on demand manufacturing, mass customization and virtualization; which controls unnecessary productions, thus waste. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore digital technology applications (CAD and Blockchain technology) to establish a new venture in circular fashion business. Accordingly, the study tested the viability of utilizing 2D/3D CAD technologies in proposed circular fashion business approach. In particular, it focused on the capabilities of aforementioned digital technologies for a novel business model for circular fashion, focusing refashioning second-hand clothing. Importantly, 2D/3D CAD technologies were utilized in re-fashioning the second-hand clothes while the Blockchain technology was suggested to establish the traceability and as a networking tool for the supply chain in proposed circular fashion business. Subsequently, this business model was developed with the contribution of industry (CAD and fashion design) experts. As a result, this study extends the existing circular fashion business model with a novel approach of digital technologies and tested CAD applications. This proposed model suggests longevity of product lifespan by encouraging the refashioning second-hand clothing as an upcycling option through CAD and relevant digital technology.
item: Thesis-Abstract
A Model for predicting the stretch and recovery test results of single jersey fabric
(2020) Amarasinghe A ATD; Niles SN
In the Textile Testing field fabrics are tested based on the international standards recorded in test methods. The stretch and recovery test is one of the important textile tests used to measure the extension and recovery of a fabric under a target load. This test is performed using a tensile testing machine, usually of the Constant Rate of Extension (CRE) type. The time allocated to complete the test is considerably high due to the high time requirement for preconditioning, conditioning, sample preparation and testing. The stretch and recovery test report results are very critical and urgent most of the time. However, due to the time constraint, it may not be possible to deliver the reports to the customers on time. Therefore, this research has been carried out to predict the stretch and recovery test results for single jersey fabric without performing the physical test procedures. This research aims to design a mathematical model to predict the stretch and recovery for single jersey fabric. In achieving this objective, the quantitative method was applied. A theoretical framework was constructed grounded on a comprehensive analysis of the related literature. Resultant models derived during the analysis stage, then validated, and a simple tool has been implemented to be used by the laboratory staff. The model has shown more than 76% of accuracy, but it could be further validated by increasing the sample size and by revising the assumptions made during the study. This research has a great benefit to textile laboratory staff since they can utilize minimum resources for Stretch and Recovery Test. As the CRE machine requires more duration for the test specimen preparation and more time to complete the test, testing staff will be able to use the simple application developed based on the model derived as the result of this study.
item: Thesis-Full-text
Factors affecting absenteeism : a case study in Sri Lankan apparel industry
(2020) Udawatta UDSL; Ratnayake RMVS
Sri Lankan apparel industry is the primary foreign exchange earner accounting to 40% of the total exports as per Export Development Board (EDB) and 52% of industrial products exports in 2018. According to them, there are apparel manufactures in large, medium and small scale and most of them are small and medium entrepreneurs (SMEs) which spread throughout the country. Employee absenteeism is one of the typical issues in the apparel sector in Sri Lanka. Maintaining lower employee absenteeism rate is essential factor for continuing growth of any organization and well identified influencing factors help to manage absenteeism properly. The main objective of the research is to find the factors affecting the absenteeism in small scale garment manufacturing plants in Sri Lanka. With the intention of achieving this objective, carefully designed questionnaire was distributed among the population (64 employees) of a small scale garment manufacturing plant which is struggling to minimize absenteeism rate from 7% to 5%. Further, there was a research gap on influencing factors of absenteeism in company level. Correlation analysis techniques used in testing developed hypothesis and research outcomes show physical work place environment, illness/personal matters, working climate, superior commitment, work related stress are positively correlated with the employee absenteeism. In conclusion, these factors increase absenteeism significantly in this factory. In this manner, recommendations were suggested to the top management after finding genuine factors which hid behind the problem.
item: Thesis-Full-text
Characterization of new natural cellulosic fibre from lasia spinosa (L.) thwaites rhizome for biodegradable textile material
(2020) Rathnapala MHMT; Gunasekera USW
This study presents the characteristics of Lasia spinosa fibres (LSFs) extracted from the rhizome of the Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites (LS), a plant which is commonly available in the Asian region as a medicinal plant which has not been investigated previously with the intension of exploring the feasibility in developing a textile material. Two common species, Lamina dissected type and Sagittate type plant rhizome fibres were investigated with the use of fibre characterization tools and methods. Mechanical extraction and Alkali extraction methods were followed in extracting fibres from rhizomes. Morphological properties of fibres such as longitudinal section and cross section views were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Chemical functional groups and crystalline structure, were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction analysis (XRD) respectively. Thermal stability of the fibre was investigated using Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA). In addition, fibre properties were investigated by the way of measuring tensile properties, moisture absorbency and dye uptake. The rhizome anatomy and the fibre morphological observations through SEM reveals fibres are presents in rhizome in the form of scattered vascular bundles with crimp. Each bundle contains approximately 16-25 microfibrils. The FTIR analysis confirms the fibres are rich in cellulose and the X-RD results confirm higher amount of amorphous regions in fibres with a crystallinity index of 43% with a lower amount of crystal phases. Higher moisture regains of 12.54 -14.5%, single fibre tensile strength of 201-205 MPa, higher breaking elongation of 16.89% and 1.3 GPa of Young’s modulus with a thermal stability temperature of 230℃ were the some of the values obtained in this research project. All the results obtained were compared with the characteristics of Cotton fibre.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Feasibility study on the utilization of lotus fibers as a textile raw materials
Jegatheesan, K; Gunasekara, USW
Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is an aquatic plant and grows abundantly in Sri Lanka. Stalks and roots of this plant contain fine silky fibres. To utilize this fibre as a textile raw material, properties of locally available fibres have to be analyzed to ascertain whether the properties of these fibres meet the end use requirement of textile material. Analyzing the properties of lotus fibre is a prime requirement to determine the feasibility of utilizing of Lotus fibres as a textile raw material. In order to study the physical and chemical properties of lotus fibres, the fibres were extracted by manual method and subjected to relevant testing in order to confirm their suitability in textile applications. Fibre identification methods such as microscopical analysis, chemical resistance properties and fibre density were tested and found the results were similar to other cellulosic fibres. In addition to that, major physical properties such as fibre length, tensile strength, fibre diameter, water absorbent property and moisture regain were tested and found that the test results are superior to cotton fibres such as moisture regain 12.3% and fibre fineness 4.39 um. Fibres were pretreated by scouring and bleaching processes and the properties of water absorbance, dyeability and colour fastness were compared with cotton fibres and found to be similar. It was identified that the properties of lotus fibre is suitable to use as a textile raw material and the textile materials produced from lotus fibre will satisfy the end user requirements.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Study on setup time effect on small order quantities in apparel manufacturing
Mohomed, HMH; Rathnayake, V
As apparel manufacturers in today’s context, it is vital to concentrate on improving productivity by applying tools that can increase the efficiency of sub processes. It is a true fact that Sri Lankan apparel industry has a long history, but it is surprising that when comparing Sri Lanka’s ability with the regional countries/competitors in producing value added products, within a short lead time. Smaller order quantities are becoming increasingly demanding by the western world to sustain in the global apparel business. Due to product variation and small order quantities, it can be seen that there is a strong need to introduce a tool that can monitor the setup time taken to feed new styles without reducing the labour efficiency .This research tries to analyse, setup time in small quantity orders in apparel manufacturing industry through implementing single minute exchange of dies (SMED) with the selected factory. Some ofthe main importance topics of literature related to setup reduction, labour efficiency and employee related discussions are carried out in this survey. It further emphasized the paramount importance of the subject topic by collecting data from the selected manufacturing unit to study the setup time losses. Data collection of this study was through questionnaire and interviews with executives and middle management staffin the selected organization covering various departments. Setup related documentations such as style feeding charts, and other tools such as labour capacity study were used to analyse data. Collected data to cover Setup issues and related factors to understand the delays were collected from different sewing lines which produces variety of styles. Objective of the study will be concentrated to find out reasons to understand high setup time during style changes in sewing floor as well as to reduce setup time by implementing SMED techniques. Data interpretation confirmed the Setup time and its correlation between finance performances ofthe organization. Implementation ofSMED tool is after analysing the collected data proves the hypothesis of the survey confirming that the setup time impacts on financial performance ofthe organization.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Reliability of visual and digital color assessment in textiles for intimate apparel manufacturing
SampathBandara, TP; Wijayapala, S
Expectations of apparel retailers in international are high quality apparel in low cost align with the fashion trend of the season in narrower lead time. With its aim, the buyers tend to defer buying decision to align with frequent changes in fashion trend and related colour aesthetic to maximize the retail while maintaining the lower inventory levels. With this situation, the garment manufactures required to re-visit garment manufacturing process and implemented new manufacturing systems such as lean manufacturing practices and other operating systems to shorten the production life cycle. Color approval process is one of the key activities and it is identified as nonproductive activity consume considerable time period in the total buying cycle. The objective of the study is to discover a methodology to eliminate color approval process and related timelines by implementing modem technology available. The research is carried out with a statistical analysis to find a numerical value which able to transform through the electronic media by replacing a visual judgment instantly to a decision maker. After a comprehensive literature review, the color difference (the symbol of DE) is identified as the numerical value to transform the decision of accepting the color, which is 0.806 for main raw material used for intimate apparels selected in this study. Further study is recommended to discover DE of various other components used in the industry enabling to eliminate the nonproductive timeline in the color approval process and reduce total buying cycle time.
item: Thesis-Full-text
Introducing Sri Lankan batik befitting contemporary lifestyle and identities
(2019) Lonhardt AM; Wijayapala UGS
The research paper thesis explores the Sri Lankan textile heritage of traditional batik handicraft to pioneer new printing patterns techniques into clothing, so as to demonstrate the potential of reviving the textile industry that can be propelled to the international fashion scene. The methodology of carrying out the research includes primary and secondary sources. The first main part of the study covers the Sri Lankan traditional art of batik making. It looks into its history, origins, and methods of creating the patterns to decorate the cloths. Also, it looks into the ancient process of dying the fabric using natural ways, derived from plants, fruits and roots. The research was carried out to investigate and analyze the traditional batik methods and printing patterns (samples, photographs, drawings) to enrich the study. And, it relies on methods such as books, batik showrooms and museum visits. The second part focuses on working closely with a local batik craftworker to develop unique, intrinsic batik samples on cotton, that preserve the authenticity of Sri Lankan Heritage and reflect the contemporary fashion trends. The entire process was carries out in a local batik workshop to study, learn and observe closely the different process of making traditional batik printing and elaborate new samples. In the third part of research a sample of the innovative batik designs is translated into clothing that follows a coordinated garment look such skirt and top. The look is designed in a fashionable modern way that includes contemporary cuts and production methods. All production methods were accomplished successfully demonstrated in a photoshoot. After the successful completion of the three primary parts highlighted above, a survey was carried out, to assess the importance of Sri Lankan batik as a cultural identity in the local market and the need of finding new ways of application that reflect modern printing patterns and clothing designs. The results show the potential to propel the Sri Lankan batik to the international fashion arena by preserving its traditional authenticity and adopting external contemporary fashion influences that follows current international trends.
item: Thesis-Full-text
Accelerated dimensional stability test method designed for 100% cotton single jersey weft knit fabric in urgent situations
Weragala, D; Niles, SN
Standard dimensional stability test methods have higher lead times. In a manufacturing environment a dimensional stability test method with shorter lead time is an option provided under some international standards. Such test methods have been developed based on one specific machine designed exclusively for this purpose. As a solution, an alternative test procedure was developed in an existing washing machine for industrial use. The Miele automatic front loading washing machine was selected for this research. A washing and drying procedure developed with 30-minute washing procedure and 30-minute tumble drying procedure. This research related only to 100% cotton single jersey products. The key features of the BS EN ISO 6330:2012 washing and drying procedure was compared with those of the proposed washing and drying procedure. A pilot run with five samples was done with three different weights against proposed washing and drying procedure for conditioned, unconditioned states and BS EN ISO 6330:2012 washing and drying procedure. Thirty samples were tested in one material to confirm the consistency of the new washing and drying procedure. Twelve samples representing four different GSM values were tested according to BS EN ISO 6330:2012 and proposed washing and drying procedure and a satisfactory correlation was obtained.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Improving colour reproducibility in bulk production of single jersey cotton knits using reactive dyeing
Amarasekara, AHLK; Wijeyapala, S
Dyeing is a widely used operation in textile processing, and dyed textiles account for significant amount of the total textile production. Colour, particularly colour consistency, is a critical quality parameter in dyed textiles, on which is a high level of expectation is placed by apparel manufacturer, as it can lead to the mismatching of garment panels and nonconformity with customer requirements in readymade garments. Reactive dyes are popularly applied to cotton knits due to the advantages of reactive dyes such as higher level of colour fastness properties, obtaining different shades, and the applicability of various methods. However, a lack of reproducibility in some cases has been observed in reactive dyeing on cotton knits. Hence reproducibility has to be enhanced in order to obtain a cost effective, competitive and environmental friendly reactive dyeing process. Therefore this research focuses on the improvement of reproducibility of reactive dyeing on cotton knits. I The reactive dyeing process depends on certain important factors such as the level of pretreatment, quality of dyes, dyeing auxiliaries and water used, and the dye bath variables. Therefore the bulk dyeing trials are performed on the level of pretreatment and the other ^ factors are kept constant. Thus the number of bulk dyeing trials including light, medium and dark shades, are conducted on variables such as degree of whiteness, pH level and absorbency of the material which are achieved during the pretreatment process. The recommended degree of whiteness for this reproducibility was not exactly determined because it ultimately affected to the strength of the white material. Therefore it can be concluded that the degree of whiteness should be kept as high as possible without damaging the fabric. The recommended pH level for the improvement of reproducibility was pH = 7. At this pH level, maximum level of reproducibility can be achieved. The recommended absorbency level for the improvement of reproducibility was 3 sec. according to the test method of American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) 79.By maintaining the above parameters within the recommended range acceptable level of reproducibility can be achieved in dyed cotton knits.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Effect of the level of statistical process control (SPC) practises on quality performance
Wijebahu, WMSK; Wickramasinghe, D
Statistical process control (SPC) is a powerful technique for improving process quality by systematically eliminating special or assignable causes of variation. SPC is not a simple and automatic task. The successful application of SPC requires focused to following ingredients. Such as management commitment, usage of control charts ,identification of critical measurement , operator responsibility ,process definition ,training for SPC ,teamwork ,organizational cultural change ,update the knowledge of process ,audit the SPC practices and performance ,computers and SPC software packages. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of SPC practices and the impact on organizational performance in terms of quality. The study mainly focus to lean applied apparel manufactures in Sri Lanka to analysis out the level of SPC practicing as well as the effect of SPC to the performance of key quality factors. The study was conducted utilizing the statistical process control integrated with quality performance questionnaire which was previously tested by researchers. ' This study describes the process and outcomes of the 11 ingredients underlying the SPC practices. Data collected form 20 lean implemented apparel industry in Sri Lanka and data analyzed to find the level of statistical process control practicing and the quality performance. Used SPSS software calculated standard deviation, correlations and the mean value. Further used to Excel sheet to analyze collected the data. The collected data was analyzed according to company vise to measure the SPC practicing level. The key quality performances were analysis with level of the SPC practicing. The result was discussed according to the collected data and also discussed. - • - According to the result the lean applied apparel manufacturer are practicing SPC 78.40 % and there is positive trend in key quality performance with SPC practicing level.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Effect of social compliances on competitive advantage of apparel companies in Sri Lanka
Kariyawasam, LI; Rathnayake, V
Apparel industry plays a significant role in Sri Lankan economy as the number one foreign exchange earner and employment provider. Despite many pitfalls, industry continuously booms in the global market. Gained reputation over the years as an ethical and quality apparel supplier among competitors is a greatest strengths to industry. Issues regarding working conditions of the manufacturing facilities blemished the reputation of many world renowned buyers; hence social or ethical compliances were introduced as a remedy. Compliances can be voluntary or mandatory; standards become mandatory after promulgated into national law as a regulation. This research investigated the impact of Social Compliances related to apparel industry in Sri Lanka. The different Social compliance standards found to be more or less similar in core content. Hence 'Worldwide Responsible Apparel Producdon' (WRAP) being the most widely implemented compliance standard in the country was selected for this study. Out of twelve WRAP principles, only ten principles were taken into consideration as they were directly addressing the working conditions, labour issues and regulations related to them. Data collection of this study was through questionnaires and interviews with Human Resources and Compliance managers. From the total of seventy-six apparel manufacturing companies listed in WRAP official website, sixty four companies that were possible to cover under practical circumstances were selected to survey. Another opinion survey was carried out with hundred and ten execudves in sixty companies. Data were illustrated in descripdve charts and analyzed through Freedman test, Mann Whitney test. Anderson Darling test statistics were used to check normal distribudon. Implementing seven WRAP principles were found to be effective. Improvements in factory performance were observed after WRAP. Many WRAP indicators influenced productivity and quality. Effect on Competitive Advantage of Apparel companies was analyzed through Porter's Diamond model. All the three hypotheses: Social Compliances have an effect on working conditions of Apparel companies in SL, Social Compliances have an effect on Labour standards of Apparel companies in SL and Social Compliances have an effect on competitive advantage of apparel companies in SL were accepted.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Effect of seam on drape of selected lightweight woven fabrics
Rupasinghe, RADWS; Seram, N
Drape is a unique property that allows a fabric to be bent in more than one direction with double curvature. For many years, textile researchers studied this attribute in order to evaluate the drape quality and improve the drape appearance of garments. However, fabric drape can be more realistically investigated by considering seams. When various cut panels are stitched together, this will lead to significant variations in fabric drape performance. Thus investigation of the impact of a seam on fabric drape performance can help to understand, evaluate, and assure the appearance of the final garment. The purpose of this research is to analysis the influence of direction and number of seams on fabric drape parameters. Further, the research may explore the influence on bending rigidity on drape coefficient. Two main experiments, draping testing and bending testing were carried out in this study. For the experiment, 100% cotton, lightweight, plain woven fabric was used as the base material expecting medium weight. Seam type SSa with stitch type 301 was used to prepare samples. Six types of samples were prepared with varying number of seams and seam directions for draping test. For the bending testing, six types of samples were prepared with varying fabric direction. Cusick's drapemeter was used as a testing apparatus to analyze the drape of samples with seams and bending rigidity was investigated for similar types of sample using fixed angle flexometer. Drape behavior was determined and compared in terms of drape coefficient and node amplitude. The effect of the number of seams and seam directions on fabric drape coefficient and stability of drape profile were statistically determined. The relationships were derived in between drape coefficient and bending rigidity for fabric with seams in warp, weft and bias directions. Investigating on drape on fabric with seams can improve apparel design and fabric end-use applications. Moreover, contributing to garment drape prediction for the 3D modeling in clothing CAD system.
item: Thesis-Abstract
An investigation into the influence of stitch length on dimensional stability of flat bed weft knitted fabrics at different relaxation treatments
Samanthi, AI; Delkumburawatta, GB
Wefts knitted fabrics are prone to change their dimensions during finishing process and customer usage. The effect of stitch length and relaxation treatments to the dimensional change of flatbed weft knitted single jersey fabrics is investigated in this research. Experimental work has been carried out to monitor the changes of geometrical parameters such as wales per unit length, courses per unit length, width wise and lengthwise dimensional changes, area dimensional changes and changes of relaxation constant of the flat bed weft knitted fabric. Three different stitch length categories (high, medium and low) are selected in this experiment. From each stitch length seven samples are produced. The measurements are taken off the machine state and after different relaxation treatments such as Dry Relaxed, Wet Relax and Finished relaxed for the purpose of monitoring the changes of the above parameters. The stitch length and relaxation condition highly affect to the dimensional change of the fabric. The increasing of fabric relaxation is lead to the increasing of fabric shrinkage in both lengthwise and width wise of low & medium stitch length fabric. When the stitch length is high, it is noticed that expansion of width and the shrinkage of length while relaxation. For the tight knitted flatbed single jersey fabrics, the loop shape factors are almost similar to the data given by previous researchers based on circular knitted single jersey fabrics. Recommend not to increase the stitch length beyond certain limits as the dimensional behaviour is not possible to predict then
item: Thesis-Abstract
Impact of lean manufacturing practices on employee job satisfaction in apparel industry
Pradeep, WMS; Lanarolle, WDG; Rathnayake, V
Apparel manufacturers all over the world are pressed to deliver high quality garments at low costs in shorter lead times. Most of the apparel manufacturers started following lean manufacturing concept due to its benefits and competitive advantage. Lean Manufacturing Practices (LMPs) are implemented through employees in the organization and it is essential to find out employee job satisfaction in a lean manufacturing environment. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to get necessary lean information. The objectives of the study are to identify the impact of LMPs on employee satisfaction in apparel industry and identify the most vital factors that affect the job satisfaction of the employee with the involvement of LMPs. Five dimensions of LMPs constructed include 6S, Empowerment, Kaizen, PDCA Methodology and Teamwork. This research focuses on empirically testing the framework under study. Data was collected from a randomly selected five lean implemented manufacturing organizations in apparel sector through a questionnaire. 125 completed responses were considered for the data analysis. The formal statistical analysis including frequency distribution of variables, validity and reliabilify analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, one-sample t-test and factor analysis, were carried out. The major findings of the research on LMPs directly affect the employee job satisfaction with a positive impact. Based on the statistical result, LMPs; 6S, Empowerment, Kaizen, PDCA Methodology and Teamwork help to increase the employee job satisfaction after the implementation of Lean Manufacturing. Among all five LMPs, Kaizen is the most vital factor that employee feels which has positively affected to the employee job satisfaction. Hence, an environment where mutual respect and positive recognition are fostered will help to increase job satisfaction
item: Thesis-Full-text
EFFECT OF SEAM ON DRAPE OF SELECTED LIGHTWEIGHT WOVEN FABRICS
Rupasinghe, RADWS; Seram, N
D r a p e is a u n i q u e p r o p e r t y t l i a t a l l o w s a f a b r i c t o b e b e n t i n m o r e t h a n o n e d i r e c t i o n w i t h d o u b l e c u r v a t u r e . F o r m a n y y e a r s , t e x t i l e r e s e a r c h e r s s t u d i e d t h i s a t t r i b u t e i n o r d e r to e v a l u a t e t h e d r a p e q u a l i t y a n d i m p r o v e t h e d r a p e a p p e a r a n c e o f g a r m e n t s . H o w e v e r , f a b r ic d r a p e can be m o r e r e a l i s t i c a l l y i n v e s t i g a t e d b y c o n s i d e r i n g s e a m s . W h e n v a r i o u s c u t p a n e ls are s t i t c h e d t o g e t h e r , t h i s w i l l l e a d t o s i g n i f i c a n t v a r i a t i o n s i n f a b r i c d r a p e p e r f o r m a n c e. T h u s i n v e s t i g a t i o n o f t h e i m p a c t o f a s e a m o n f a b r i c d r a p e p e r f o r m a n c e can h e l p to u n d e r s t a n d , e v a l u a t e , a n d a s s u r e t h e a p p e a r a n c e o f t h e final g a r m e n t
item: Thesis-Full-text
A Study factors affecting managerial and executive turnover intensions in apparel industry : Sri Lanka
(2018) Wijesinghe DS; Jayawardane TSS; Wickramasinghe GLD
Significantly, Managing Employee turnover is an essential element to the continuing growth of any Business or the Organization around the world. Before taking any actions to avoid Employee turnover, it is a must to look upon Employee Turnover intention and the reasons for such intention. In this Research study, 200 Managerial and Executive Employees were selected from the Garment Factories which are situated in the Free Trade Zone, Katunayake where most of the Garment Factories in Sri Lanka are situated in that Geographical area. It is always hard to identify the inner feeling of anyone, in the same manner, selected subject of the research also deeply goes into the inner feeling of the above said set of employees on what level of turn over intention they have on their jobs. In order to measure the above which is a critical fact, properly designed structured questionnaire was used to measure the levels and how the employees feel about each factor. Data was collected using random sampling technique and then coded. After coding process, Data analysis was completed through SPSS and Microsoft Excel. Descriptive and inferential statistics used for the study. Also it should be noted that the reason for selecting such a complex topic is to bring the real situation into light where most of the time inner feelings of the employees who are in front end of hierarchy are not considered when making policies or implementing strategies. Therefore it is very important to note that fact and give some suggestions to the top management of the Garment Factories about how the executive employees “feel” about their jobs.
item: Thesis-Full-text
Effect of lycra and nylon yarn percentage on the dimensional and physical characteristics of locknit warp knitted fabrics
(2015-09-16) Dissanayaka, DMS; Lanarolle, WDG
The effects of different percentages of elastane and Nylon yarn on the dimensional and physical properties of elastanelNylon Locknit warp knitted fabrics are investigated. In order to investigate the properties ofthe fabric, four different samples were knitted by selecting four different run-in ratios of elastane and Nylon. Elastane yarn was kept at a constant elongation of 65% for all four samples. Two samples were produced keeping constant run-in of nylon yarn and changing the run-in length of elastane yarn. Then elastane yarn run-in was kept constant and produced two other samples. The sample with minimum run-in length of elastane yarn and the highest run-in ratio has the highest value of load at 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% extensions in length direction and the lowest values of load at 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% extensions in width direction. This is due to the fact that low run in of elastane yarn increases the strain on the yarn and it increases the tightness factor value of the sample and contributes higher load at extension along the length direction of the greige sample. Nylon yarn runner length influences the relaxation behavior of elastane yarn and it leads to reduce the load at extension along the width direction of the sample. Changing of Nylon yarn runner length influence the relaxation behavior of elastane yarn and it has an effect on the load at different extension in width direction and course density of the greige fabric. Results revealed that the effect of elastane content of the sample is more on the load at extension values than the effect of run-in of the Nylon yarn.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Development of a sustainable QA model to support direct sourcing for clothing in a region
(3/28/2011) Fernando, PDN; Lanarolle, WDG
Due to the ever changing dynamics in the supply chain management, relocation of garment industry is inevitable. Unlike fifty years ago where some of the well known retailers emphasized the buy British policy in today's context it is no longer a sustainable slogan. Particularly an industry like garment manufacturing that is labor intensive becomes footloose due to cost of production being low in developing countries. Therefore the no of clothing retailers who had gone out on direct sourcing and out of their traditional manufacturing homelands is more in the last two years than the whole of last ten years. However the discerning consumers who patronized these brands do not want any compromise on quality. Therefore various retailers have adopted various quality assurance models to ensure the faulty merchandise do not reach the consumer. The dissertation unravels the study into various QA models in existence and their pitfalls and propose a cost effective, improvement breeding sustainable QA model that will support direct sourcing. The proposed system a drives improvement eliminates non value adding inspection and does not impeded the speed to market as a result of the QA model.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Process mapping in clothing manufacturing
(3/28/2011) Setunge, SMDSD; Heenkenda, N
Process mapping is a new technique for looking at the way a process is being performed and allows redesign that process for greater efficiency and productivity Process maps are diagrams that show varying levels of detail what an entity does and how it delivers services. This research show the step by step approach in mapping the major processes in place, the key activities that make each process, the sequencing of those activities, the inputs and resources required and the out puts produced by each activity. Finally this research giving a complete process map for a organization which cover from design to delivery in apparel industry after going through a step by step evaluation in the industry. One can develop further the final value flow to suit individual requirement. Having developed the final map for any organization can be used for the same mapping to allocate responsibilities and to calculate the man power requirement.