TERS - 2023

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/21659

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Now showing 1 - 17 of 17

item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Textile Engineering Research Symposium (Pre Text)
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
item: Conference-Abstract
Mathematical model to measure energy absorption of a sports bra
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Prasange, VSH; Liyanage, PL; Fernando, EASK; Jayawardena, TSS; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Measuring the shock absorbency of sports garments is pivotal for ensuring stability and support during exercise, minimizing injury risk in high-impact sports. It assesses a garment's capacity to absorb impact, curbing excessive breast movement and potential harm through compression, encapsulation, and structural support. This evaluation aids in predicting production outcomes and alleviating athletes' discomfort during physical activities. Prior research primarily concentrated on vertical nipple displacement using motion-capture cameras and live models, often neglecting the three-dimensional aspects of breast motion such as velocity, acceleration, and trajectory. This study introduces a novel approach using a sensor system to gather displacement, velocity, and acceleration data at specific points. It employs an artificial model to assess shock absorbency in sports garments during physical activities. The derived mathematical model, based on breast displacement data, offers insights into material and design choices prior to sample preparation. The study's findings yield invaluable insights for sports bra design and development, as well as selecting appropriate options for diverse physical activities. The authors aimed to develop a test method and mathematical model for measuring sports bra shock absorbency, addressing challenges related to cost, accuracy, and complexity. This research strives to enhance understanding and advance the evaluation of shock absorbency in sports bras, contributing to safer and more effective athletic experiences.
item: Conference-Abstract
Investigation on the fiber separation techniques for fabric waste made from cotton/spandex blends
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Vithanage, CD; Fonseka, WAM; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
This study addresses the challenge of reusing pre-consumption waste generated during the cutting process in apparel manufacturing, particularly in the context of blended textiles containing cotton and spandex fibers. Currently, due to the lack of fiber separation techniques, significant quantities of these textiles are being disposed of through landfill or incineration, squandering the opportunity for reutilization. The technique investigated in this study involves selective degradation of spandex fibers while recovering the cotton. A crucial aspect of this process is subjecting the cotton and spandex blended textiles to heat treatment exceeding 150°C, followed by a subsequent wash treatment to eliminate the thermally degraded spandex fibers. Through systematic experimentation, several solvents, including ethanol, acetone, acetic acid, and methanol, for removing the thermally degraded spandex has been identified. The outcomes of this study offer a promising avenue for the successful separation of constituent cotton and spandex fibers within blended textiles. This advancement holds significant implications for the transition from a linear to a circular economy in the textile industry, contributing to the reduction of waste and the sustainable utilization of valuable resources
item: Conference-Abstract
Investigation on antimicrobial properties of biopolymers applied to single-use pet
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Cooray, BRU; Assalaarachchi, DSAM; Gunasekara, USW; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
The increasing use of plastic in various applications has led to significant environmental concerns, particularly with the disposal of single-use plastic. Using heavy metals as antimicrobial agents and single-use plastics generate negative environmental impacts, including coral diseases, skin irritation, nonbiodegradability, and the potential for bioaccumulation. This work presents an experimental study of the antimicrobial activity of biopolymers embedded into electro-spun PET nanofiber mats. This project aimed to identify the antimicrobial activity of Chitosan and Curcumin electro spun with PET. Electro spun PET/ Chitosan and PET/ Curcumin nanomembranes consisted of fiber diameters in the range of 100 - 150 nm. The antimicrobial activity was measured using the quantitative standard test method AATCC 100. For this method, both gram-positive (Staphylococcus Aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria were used. The experimental findings revealed that the PET/Chitosan membrane exhibited a significantly higher bacteria reduction rate compared to PET/Curcumin, with reduction percentage of bacteria was 58% and 52%, respectively. The PET/Chitosan membrane displayed impressive effectiveness in combating Staphylococcus aureus, achieving a notably higher reduction in bacterial count. Furthermore, when exposed to a temperature of 260°C to assess their industrial viability, both samples displayed encouraging results in their ability to combat the tested bacteria. The chitosan sample exhibited significantly greater activity compared to the Curcumin sample. These findings underscore the PET/Chitosan membrane's potential as a valuable antimicrobial option and indicate the beneficial impact of elevated temperature on the antimicrobial characteristics of these materials, paving the way for potential commercial production.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Investigating loss of wicking properties due to hard washing of the fabric used for top layer of the period underwear
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Ayesha, KAD; Dissanayake, HDJC; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Wanasekara, ND; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
A period panty consists of three layers, a moisture wicking layer to transfer liquid away from the skin, absorbent layer to absorb liquid, and a protective layer to prevent leaking or staining [1]. The moisture wicking layer is made from a French terry material which has high wicking properties with a one-way transfer structure, allowing it to absorb the liquid and prevent it from returning to the surface. However, it has been observed that this wicking layer tends to lose its wicking properties after two LTD 30 hard washes. (One LTD 30 wash is approximately equal to twenty-five washes defined in AATCC 135 standard) When wicking properties of the top layer are lost, the liquid does not pass through to the absorbent layer, instead the liquid remains on the fabric surface. This will impair the functionality of the product and significantly reduce the comfortability of the wearer. Therefore, it is vital to find a solution to this issue to increase the durability of the product and to meet the requirements of the customer.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Towards the development of an antibacterial wound dressing with effective management of wound exudates
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Lakshani, IM; Weerasinghe, LC; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, MA; Ponmozhi, J; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Wound care is crucial for accelerating the wound healing process. Variety of techniques and treatments are employed in facilitating the healing and prevent further infections in wounds such as ensuring cleanliness by using mild soap, water or saline solution to carefully cleanse the wound bed to remove the debris, avoid further infections, managing the moisture level on the wound bed, and managing the wound environment. Wound dressings have been used over a time for the effective management of wounds and to increase the healing rates. Different types of materials are used in these dressings which can aid in sealing the wound, absorbing the wound exudate, and enhancing the healing process.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Investigation of the thermal and physical properties of fabrics produced by metallic-polymer hybrid yarns
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Karunaratne, C; Jayasundara, N; Wanasekara, ND; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Majority of the smart devices contain touch screens and the majority of them are based on capacitance and conductivity. This type of touch screens are developed by utilizing a matrix of rows and columns of conductive electrodes and small current is provided to electrodes to produce an even electrostatic field[ 1]. However, electrically insulating materials such as textile fabrics, cannot actuate touch screens as these types of materials are incapable of changing the electrostatic field.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Analyzing the viability of a real-time sweat analysis system utilizing electrospun textiles
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Medagedara, MH; Peiris, TS; Wansekara, ND; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Health and wellness have become significant trends of the 21st century, with people embracing lifestyles that prioritize physical and mental wellbeing. Continuous monitoring of vital body functions is vital for a holistic approach to wellbeing. As a result, the research and business arena of wellness devices that seamlessly integrate into modern consumers' daily lives is rapidly growing, showing promising potential. Wearable technology, incorporating micro-controllers and electronic devices on the skin or within clothing, serves as signal receptors, analytical tools, and signal transmitters for monitoring human body vitals. This study aims to develop a smart textile-based wearable platform to enable continuous monitoring of vital signs [1].
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Design and development of test methodology for measuring hydrodynamic drag on fabric
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Aruleswaran, V; Mahendran, T; Niles, SN; Jayawardena, S; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Swimming is an intense sport demanding strength, endurance, and technical proficiency, necessitates maximizing performance advantages. Usually, optimized swimwear reduces drag for the swimmers. To continually enhance swimwear performance, manufacturers invest in innovative materials and techniques. However, still the swimwear efficiency is debated among industry experts. The past research studies have consistently demonstrated that swimmers allocate over 90% of their efort to counteract hydrodynamic resistance, underscoring the critical importance of swimwear design in optimizing speed and achieving successful outcomes [1]. Drag force is the resistance that a fluid puts up against an object as it moves in the opposite direction, slowing down the motion [2]. Any object moving through a fluid at a relative velocity will experience the drag.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Influence of loop length on thermal resistance in single jersey plated knitted fabrics
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Parakrama, ALCNS; Yapa, YMSB; Lanarolle, G; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Thermal resistance is a critical parameter in achieving thermal comfort through the prevention of heat transfer between the body and the environment. Fabric manufacturers receive requests for clothing with specific thermal resistance properties that ensure desired comfort levels. The easiest parameter that can be changed in the manufacturing stage of a knitted fabric is the knit loop length. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the influence of loop length towards the thermal resistance of single jersey fabric. The proposed approach involves varying the loop length of the fabric and analyzing its behavior in response to temperature variations. The fabric under investigation is a plated fabric consisting of a polyester face yarn with a backing of polyester-covered Lycra. The thermal behavior of these plated fabrics is tested for thermal conductivity and studied the cooling gradient of a hot body. The fabrics are knitted on a seamless knitting machine of gauge 28. The observed increase in thermal resistance with loop length can be attributed to the size of air gaps within the fabric structure. These air gaps, known for their excellent thermal insulation properties [1], acted as barriers for heat transfer, effectively trapping more heat within the fabric tube. This highlights the significant effect of loop length on thermal resistance that contributes to understanding and control of thermal resistance with loop length.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Design & development of a textile based structure made from discarded polyester textured yarns for oil-water separation
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Nissanka, NPD; Rajapaksha, HPSD; Gunasekara, USW; Fernando, DODP; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Filtration textiles are not simply appropriate for oil spills since they need to collect polluted water before separating the oil. To overcome the identified problem, a sorbent textile structure is developed in this project. A textile-based structure is developed using discarded Polyester textured yam waste to remove spilled oil from the surface of water and reduce the environmental damage occurred by oil spill accidents. Reusing waste polyester yarn from yam processing mills for a practical solution is an environmentally friendly strategy. Due to the lack of structural integrity of yarn waste, it was decided to use the polyester textured yarns as a filling material by using the outer netting material as polypropylene (PP) leno mesh which are used as packing materials (generally referred as onion bags). In order to make the sorbent hydrophobic, few approaches were chosen. The effectiveness of the final prototype sorbent was assessed by conducting tests on oil sorption and oil-water selectivity.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Neural network approach to classify defect types in cotton yarns
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Amarathunga, S; Vidushka, K; Niles, SN; Abesooriya, RP; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Accurate identification and classification of defects in cotton yarns are crucial for ensuring the quality and consistency of textile products. Defects can lead to compromised fabric quality, reduced durability, and increased production costs.[ 1] Machine learning techniques like neural networks and support vector machines have been traditionally used for defect detection [2,3], but they struggle with the complex patterns in yarn defects. Recent advances in image processing and deep learning, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), offer promising results for image classification tasks [4], making them suitable for defect identification in cotton yarns. Existing studies have been limited in scope, focusing on specific defects and datasets, hindering the development of a comprehensive defect classification model. This research project aims to address this gap by creating a diverse dataset of various yarn defects, leveraging image processing to improve image quality. The proposed approach utilizes CNNs and transfer learning to build an efficient defect classification model, and its effectiveness will be evaluated against ground truth labels and industry standards. Accordingly, this study presents a solution with potential contributions to the textile industry's quality assurance processes, enhancing product quality and reducing production-related challenges.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Developing fibre-reinforced cement paving blocks as a method of fiber waste disposal
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Baines, DM; Bogodawaththa, PBH; Gunasekara, USW; Gamage, DL; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
The textile industry contributes significantly to global environmental pollution, generating over 110 million tons of waste annually [1], with severe consequences for the environment. Out of Textile and apparel waste, when Textile waste fibers are considered, both pre-consumer and post-consumer wastes, present a massive challenge. Despite the potential for recycling, the rates remain low [2]. In this project, the focus is on repurposing textile waste fibers as a reinforcement material for pedestrian walkway paving blocks, addressing both waste management and paving block performance. By utilizing polyester waste fibers and recycled polyester waste fibers, the study aims to create a new market for fiber waste, benefiting multiple industries and the environment. The project's significance lies in reducing the environmental impact of the textile fiber-related industry in Sri Lanka, where textile waste is a major problem. However, challenges in recycling certain fiber types exist, and more research is needed to optimize the process and improve the performance and durability of fiber-reinforced cement paving blocks. Implementing this approach can lead to a circular economy, reduced waste management costs, and decreased greenhouse gas emissions.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Investigation of the pilling behavior of natural, regenerated cellulose and their blends of knitted fabrics with different softeners
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Wijerathna, RADCP; Priyadarshani, ADMP; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
The evolution of textiles from basic protection to advanced functionality has led to higher expectations for modern garments, encompassing swimwear, sportswear, and more. While fabric softeners enhance softness by reducing friction and creating a smooth texture, controlling pilling is vital. Pilling, small fiber balls on fabric, is particularly concerning in cellulose-based knitted fabrics. This issue stems from fibers' flexibility and low strength. Innovative methods, including modifying fibers, yarns, constructions, and finishes, target anti-pilling improvement. Softeners, commonly used as finishing agents, affect pilling differently based on type, concentration, and application. Some enhance resistance by reducing fuzziness and boosting fiber cohesion, while others reduce resistance by increasing fiber mobility. Balancing softness and pilling resistance require thorough testing to ensure textile quality aligns with end-user expectations This research will help the textile industry to understand how softeners affect the pilling behavior of cellulose knitted fabrics. Therefore, it's important for textile manufacturers to consider the potential impact of softeners on pilling when developing textile products, and to use appropriate techniques to minimize the pilling effect.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Development of a nanocomposite membrane for organic dye removal
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Pathirana, MA; Dissanayake, NSL; Nandasiri, GK; Wanasekara, ND; Mahltig, B; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Contaminated wastewater poses a significant threat to both the ecosystem and human health. The annual production of commercial dyes exceeds 7x105 tonnes, with the textile industry being responsible for two-thirds of the consumption [1]. Moreover, an estimated 10-20% of the manufactured dye is annually released into the effluent stream [2]. Previous literature indicates that adsorption offers promising solutions to organic dye removal owing to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Adsorption is fundamentally defined as the process through which ions, atoms and molecules are retained on solid surfaces via physical or chemical bonding. The literature extensively covers adsorbents designed for individual removal of either anionic or cationic dyes. However, research on techniques for simultaneous removal of both types of dyes is limited. As anionic and cationic dye molecules contain charges, adsorption can initiate through the formation of electrostatic bonding.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
Towards the development of a super absorbent textile structure for enhanced absorption
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Wijewardhane, NMNG; Gunasekara, USW; Nandasiri, GK; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Super absorbent textile materials are materials that have been developed to have the ability to absorb and hold large amounts of liquid in comparison to their own weight. The super-absorbent textile structure is a type of textile that incorporates super-absorbent polymers (SAPs) into its fibers or yarns[1]. Superabsorbent textiles can be produced in various ways. The properties of super absorbent textiles can be further enhanced by incorporating other functional materials, such as antimicrobial agents, into the fibers or yarns. The amount of time it takes for the sample to absorb a specific volume of distilled or deionized water involves the determination of the absorption capacity of the material. The hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of certain materials is mainly influenced by the chemical groups that are present[3]. However, the capillary radius and water viscosity of a textile structure determine its absorbency and wicking ability.
item: Conference-Extended-Abstract
An Investigation of the auxetic behavior of weft knitted fabrics
(Department of Textile and Apparel Engineering, 2023-08-31) Madhurangi, C; Wijethunga, C; Lanarolle, G; Niles, SN; Nandasiri, GK; Pathirana, M; Madhurangi, C
Auxetic materials exhibit extraordinary mechanical characteristics, displaying lateral expansion under axial tension and lateral contraction under axial compression- a behavior opposite to that of conventional materials. This unique property, attributed to their negative poisson's ratio (NPR), opens exciting possibilities for enhanced performance in various applications, including lightweight structures with superior energy absorption, fracture resistance, shear resistance, acoustic absorption, and variable permeability [1].

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