MESII - 2023

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/21214

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item: Conference-Abstract
Materials Engineering Symposium on Innovations for Industry 2023 (Pre Text)
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07) Sivahar, V
item: Conference-Abstract
Synthesis of fluoride-containing varnish for dental caries
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Mendis, WVH; Madushan, NLC; Herath, EMUCK; Galhenage, AS; Sivahar, V
Fluoride-containing varnishes are applied on teeth surfaces to prevent forming of dental caries and to treat already available caries, especially in children. Dental caries is permanent damage or decay caused by the development of tiny holes in the tooth enamel due to the demineralization of the tooth. Fluoride is a mineral, and it helps in preventing tooth decay. Sri Lanka imports fluoride-containing varnishes. However, due to the economic meltdown, there are limitations on imports. It is crucial to manufacture these kinds of products locally for the development of the country. In this study, a fluoride-containing varnish is synthesized and characterized. The laboratory-synthesized varnish has 4A grade adhesion and 4.6 minutes of set-to-touch time. Furthermore, the teeth surfaces before and after applying the varnish were analyzed using Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The porous structures of the demineralized teeth are clearly observed. Fluoride adsorption to the tooth surfaces is about 5.53%.
item: Conference-Abstract
Activated graphene oxide for removal of methylene blue from wastewater
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Raveena, LAL; Viraji, HA; Rathnayake, RMSL; Sitinamaluwa, HS; Sivahar, V
Lately, activated oxidized graphene has sparked a lot of attention in the fields of wastewater treatment and water filtration. Here, the possibility for using activated graphene oxide (AGO) to remove methylene blue (MB) from water systems was investigated. Commercially available Graphene Oxide (GO) was obtained, and it was further modified by alkali-activation method to obtain AGO. The resulting AGO was tested as an adsorbent for methylene blue removal. Activation time was varied to optimize the MB removal of the adsorbent and then the adsorbents were characterized by using FTIR, SEM, BET and XRD analysis. Synthesized AGO shows prominent MB adsorption characteristics due to H-bonding, and electrostatic interactions. To evaluate the adsorption capacity, batch adsorption experiments were carried out and the effect of pH and temperature on dye adsorption were investigated. Maximum adsorption capacity of 123.47 mg/g was obtained for AGO sample which was activated for 1.0h and the data were well fitted to Langmuir isotherm model. These findings demonstrate the possibility for cationic dye removal from wastewater systems using an economically viable AGO.
item: Conference-Abstract
Numerical prediction of curing status of graphite-based tire compounds under vulcanization
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07) Hansinee, LE; Senevirathna, HRNH; Abegunawardane, AAGA; Weragoda, VSC; Sivahar, V
The solid tire construction consists of three layers namely tread, center and base. Solid tires are used in heavy applications under mechanical loadings. External and internal heat generation in the center region are caused by hysteresis and with the heat due to friction from tread; should be relieved promptly to reduce tire blowouts and tire layer separation. The of this study is to enhance the properties of the solid tire using Sri Lankan vein graphite powder as a filler. The results show an increase in thermal conductivity of tires. As for current trend, to predict the curing status, tire industries are searching for alternatives based on finite element modelling of the process. A finite element approach is thought to offer greater accuracy and versatility than a finite difference method, taking into consideration the complicated geometry and multi-layered structure of a tire. The coupled heat transfer and cure problem can be resolved using a user subroutine a commercial finite element code called ABAQUS. Thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the rubber are assumed to be dependent on temperature. In this paper tire curing simulation was developed based on finite element analysis. The model demonstrates its potential to significantly improve the efficiency and quality of tire manufacturing processes. Our research represents a pioneering contribution to the understanding of the curing behavior of graphite-based tire compounds and provides a valuable tool for optimizing tire manufacturing processes.
item: Conference-Abstract
Development of an exhaled breath analyzer for early detection of diseases
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023) Panawala, PSS; Tissera, PIU; Amarasinghe, DAS; Sivahar, V
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a significant global health burden, with early detection being crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes. This research focuses on the development of an Exhaled Breath Analyzer (EBA) as a non-invasive and potentially cost-effective tool for early detection of CKD. Ammonia (NH3) has been identified as a key marker in exhaled breath to diagnose CKD patients as the concentration of ammonia among healthy people is about 0.5-5 ppm and in CKD patients it can be more than 25 ppm. In this work, an ammonia gas sensor based on Polyaniline (PANI) was fabricated using a custom made Interdigitated capacitive sensor (IDC-S). PANI films were successfully deposited on the IDC-S using the solution casting method. The sensor responded to a low ammonia concentration of 50 ppm with a capacitance change of 10% with respect to capacitance in air in room temperature. Furthermore, the response of the sensor increased to 44% as the concentration increased to 300 ppm. This showed a good linear relationship between sensor response and ammonia concentration. Furthermore, the effect of relative humidity on the sensor was also studied and a significant change in capacitance of the sensor was observed with changing relative humidity levels. Moreover, the sensor response to a fixed ammonia concentration of 200 ppm at different humidity levels was studied and it diminished from 26% to 4% as the humidity level increased from 20% to 90%.
item: Conference-Abstract
Development of an exhaled breath analyzer for early detection of diseases
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Panawala, PSS; Tissera, PLU; Amarasinghe, DAS; Sivahar, V
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a significant global health burden, with early detection being crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes. This research focuses on the development of an Exhaled Breath Analyzer (EBA) as a non-invasive and potentially cost-effective tool for early detection of CKD. Ammonia (NH3) has been identified as a key marker in exhaled breath to diagnose CKD patients as the concentration of ammonia among healthy people is about 0.5-5 ppm and in CKD patients it can be more than 25 ppm. In this work, an ammonia gas sensor based on Polyaniline (PANI) was fabricated using a custom made Interdigitated capacitive sensor (IDC-S). PANI films were successfully deposited on the IDC-S using the solution casting method. The sensor responded to a low ammonia concentration of 50 ppm with a capacitance change of 10% with respect to capacitance in air in room temperature. Furthermore, the response of the sensor increased to 44% as the concentration increased to 300 ppm. This showed a good linear relationship between sensor response and ammonia concentration. Furthermore, the effect of relative humidity on the sensor was also studied and a significant change in capacitance of the sensor was observed with changing relative humidity levels. Moreover, the sensor response to a fixed ammonia concentration of 200 ppm at different humidity levels was studied and it diminished from 26% to 4% as the humidity level increased from 20% to 90%.
item: Conference-Abstract
Numerical optimization of band gap gradient cigs solar cells
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Sewwandi, HMDU; Amanda, WN; Attygalle, D; Sivahar, V
Thin-film chalcopyrite Cu(In1-x, Gax)Se2 (CIGS) Solar cells have become more promising for commercial applications due to recent laboratory advancements, achieving an efficiency of approximately 22%, which surpasses efficiencies most other thin-film solar cells. This study of numerical device simulations has proposed methods to improve the efficiency of thin film CIGS solar cells and analyze the composition gradient shift due to In, Ga diffusion under solar cell fabrication conditions. In CIGS solar cells, the Cu(In1-xGax)Se absorber layer is the most critical layer that influences the solar cell performance. In this simulation study, several band gap gradients were created by varying compositional ratio of Ga to In in the absorber layer. The band gap gradient optimization was done by using numerical device simulator SCAPS software. The optimum bandgap gradient slope of 0.61 eVμm-1 was obtained with the improved efficiency of 32% and a fill factor of 88.5. The diffusion of In and Ga under fabrication conditions were simulated by COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS software. Taking account of compositional variation of the absorber due to diffusion, the optimum conversion efficiency has dropped to 25%. The simulation results obtained for solar cell performances and elemental gradients reported for high efficiency solar cells shows a good agreement. Considering the effect of diffusion at elevated temperatures during fabrication, this study proposes an optimum elemental flux to be used fabrication of graded band gap CIGS layer.
item: Conference-Abstract
Modelling and simulation of nanogenerator using vertically integrated zinc oxide nanowire array
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07) Samaraweera, RLU; Buddhima, LHP; Adikary, SU; Sivahar, V
Recent developments in nano-level energy harvesting are mainly focused on using piezoelectric power generators from compression and vibration modes. In this work, a vertically integrated zinc oxide piezoelectric nanowire array was modeled to scavenge energy from low-frequency compression force. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 software was used to simulate and model nanowire array structures to ensure the potential distribution and overall electric energy generator of the piezoelectric structure under compression displacement. Piezoelectric constitutive equations were used to develop mathematical equations in terms of comparing and confirming induced piezoelectric outputs. The simulation results confirmed that the voltage output of the nanowire array does not depend on the number of nanowires. Total electric energy harvested by the array depends on the number of nanowires and nanowire density.
item: Conference-Abstract
Development of cost-effective cement-based ceiling sheet with the addition of waste foundry dust
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Mathuran, T; Thulaanchan, K; Fernanado, TN; De Silva, GIP; Sivahar, V
Ceiling sheets are predominantly produced with the addition of asbestos; however, asbestos has been identified as a carcinogenic material. Hence, there is pressing demand for alternative materials to produce ceiling sheets. Waste Foundry Dust (WFD) is a byproduct of metal sand casting process, and there is no effective permanent solution for disposal of the WFD. In this study, the possibility of manufacturing cement-based ceiling sheets with addition of WFD is investigated as a low cost and healty alternative for asbestos based ceiling sheets. Firstly, Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was mixed with WFD amount of 30%, 40%, 50% & 60% of total weight to prepare the material. Then, sheets were prepared using compression molding, by applying 2 tons per inch pressure. Also, another set of samples were made by replacing 3 wt% of cement with bentonite, with the same WFD amounts. A series of experiments were conducted to measure flexural strength, thermal conductivity, and water absorption of the prepared samples after 28 days of curing period. All the sample preparations and testing were done according to ASTM C-1185 standard. The results show that the strength and thermal conductivity decrease with increase of WFD while water absorption increase with increasing WFD. Here bentonite is used as binder to increase the binding property, hence improve the properties of prepared samples. WFD mainly acts as filler material to reduce the cost and reduce the adverse effect on environment.
item: Conference-Abstract
Development of a computer software for polymer composite mechanical properties analysis
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Mudalige, SP; Sanjeewa, PVGI; Weragoda, VSC; Sivahar, V
This research investigates the development of a software application designed for the analysis of polymer composites and the estimation of their mechanical properties, specifically the elastic modulus and tensile strength. In response to the need for accessible and efficient computer applications in composite analysis, this study focuses on developing a software which employs scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the composites to extract relevant data. The software utilizes image processing techniques to accurately identify spherical particles within the composite and offers estimations for the elastic and shear modulus as well as tensile strength values. It is particularly suitable for the analysis of composites consisting of randomly oriented spherical particles, as well as those reinforced with short fibers. The mathematical models employed in the software, derived from previous calculations, allow for the estimation of the elastic modulus, shear modulus, and Poisson's ratio of the composite. The software also provides additional features to enhance its reliability and user experience. Furthermore, to ensure accuracy and reliability, the software underwent validation by comparing its predictions against literature-based real values. The developed software application addresses the need for accessible and efficient computer applications in the field of mechanical data extraction from polymer composites. It offers a user-friendly interface and advanced algorithms for analyzing SEM micrographs and extracting key mechanical properties quickly and efficiently. The software provides researchers and engineers with a valuable tool for efficient analysis and characterization of composite materials, contributing to advancements in the field of composite research.
item: Conference-Abstract
Extraction of natural dyes from leaves of coffea arabica and its application in cotton fabrics
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Rajakaruna, RMMS; Rathnayaka, RMJCB; Udayakumara, SV; Sivahar, V
This study explores the extraction of natural dyes from the leaves of Coffea arabica trees (coffee leaves) to investigate their application on cotton fabrics. The objective is to evaluate the viability of using these natural dyes as a sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes in the textile industry. Three different mordanting techniques and different mordents were employed to dye treated and untreated cotton fabrics. The results indicate that the pre-mordanting technique yielded the best dye adhesion to the cotton fabrics. Moreover, the cotton samples treated with tannic acid displayed improved washing and perspiration-fastness properties compared to the untreated fabrics. Colour coordinate values were measured using a data colour spectrometer, and a preliminary comparison was conducted to assess the dye's anticipated colours and colour intensities. Overall, this study sheds light on the potential of natural dyes derived from Coffea arabica leaves as a sustainable substitute for synthetic dyes in the textile industry. The findings contribute to advancing eco-friendly practices and promoting environmentally conscious choices in textile manufacturing.
item: Conference-Abstract
Measurement of effective heat transfer in elastomers with laser flash instrument
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Karunathilaka, KM; Mihiranga, SKU; Weragoda, VSC; Sivahar, V
The aim of this project is to design a low-cost laser flash instrument for measuring the effective heat transfer in elastomers. Heat transfer in elastomers primarily occurs through conductivity, and various methods can be employed to measure thermal conductivity. However, considering the time-consuming nature of these methods, the laser flash instrument proves to be the most suitable option to be used for industrial applications. This project proposes the use of halogen lamps as a heat source, an IR detector to obtain temperature data, and a NodeMCU acting as a server to transmit recorded temperature data for further processing. The data will be used to calculate the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity based on the rate of temperature rise of the test specimen after the application of a heat pulse. Instrument was calibrated using specimens of material with known thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity.
item: Conference-Abstract
Suitability of extracting aluminium from aluminium sludge waste
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Hemapriya, ATS; Ekanayake, EMSM; Guluwita, SP; Sivahar, V
This research aims to explore an innovative and sustainable approach for extracting aluminium from aluminium sludge waste, thereby transforming it into a valuable resource. The study proposes a comprehensive methodology involving a combination of physical, chemical, and electrochemical techniques to maximize aluminium recovery. Since there are two steps; purification of alumina and electrolyzing, this paper has discussed both steps. The steps in purification process; leaching, precipitation have been analyzed considering parameters such as concentrations of leachants, pH value, stirring time, temperature of bath. Purified samples were analyzed using FTIR, EDEX methods. Electrolyzing process of alumina has performed using CaCl2-NaCl electrolyte and analyzed the extraction of metallic aluminium by analyzing products of electrolyzation using XRD, SEM results.
item: Conference-Abstract
Effect of process parameter on the extraction of nano CaO powder from eggshells
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Weerakoon, WAKN; Udawala, RDNSS; Galhenage, AS; Sivahar, V
In recent years, the use of nanoparticles as fertilizers has gained significant attention due to their unique physicochemical properties and their ability to enhance plant growth and productivity. The extraction of nano CaO from eggshells waste to synthesize nano fertilizer represents a pioneering advancement in sustainable development, agriculture, and nano technology. As waste reduction and sustainable resource management emerge as crucial priorities for an environmentally conscious and resource-efficient society, the effective utilization of waste materials becomes imperative, offering opportunities to extract valuable resources while minimizing environmental impact. In this study, CaO nanoparticles were synthesized by the thermal decomposition and grinding of eggshell waste. The effect of synthesis process variables, namely, the grinding method (dry milling, wet milling), the grinding time, the calcination time, and the calcination temperature was investigated. Egg shell powder as well as synthesized CaO were characterized using TGA, SEM, XRD and FTIR. The highest CaO yield, and reduced particle size were given with wet milling for 1 hour followed by calcination at 900°C for 3 hours.
item: Conference-Abstract
Preparation of high capacitance nitrogen doped graphene from graphene oxide derived from Sri Lankan vein graphite
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Karunasiri, MHMT; Wasika, ABKL; Sitinamaluwa, HS; Sivahar, V
Supercapacitors have attracted significant attention due to their high-power density and rapid charge/discharge capabilities, enabled by the formation of an electrical double layer on large surface area electrodes. This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of Nitrogen-doped Graphene Oxide (NGO) as an electrode material for supercapacitors. Nitrogen doping modifies the electronic structure and density of states in graphene, resulting in increased charge carrier density. The research aims to mitigate graphene sheet stacking and agglomeration issues while achieving higher specific surface areas and capacitance levels. Commercially available graphene oxide (GO) was utilized as the starting material to obtain activated graphene oxide (AGO). AGO was thermally annealed separately using different ratios of Ammonia and Urea as nitrogen precursors. Synthesized N-Ammonia-AGO and N-Urea-AGO were characterized using physicochemical techniques including SEM, EDAX and FTIR spectroscopy and electrochemical characterization testing. The SEM analysis showed reduced stacking in the NGO samples, as evidenced by a layered structure with increased interlayer spacing. FTIR analysis confirmed successful nitrogen doping into the graphene sp2 network, while the EDAX results show the presence of nitrogen content in the samples after an increased ratio of nitrogen precursor material with AGO. The investigation revealed that both N-Ammonia-AGO and N-Urea-AGO exhibited enhanced specific capacitance compared to AGO and the highest specific capacitance of 180 Fg-1 was obtained for N-Ammonia-AGO (1:15 w/w). These findings contribute significant insights into the higher energy storage capabilities of the NGO samples.
item: Conference-Abstract
Synthesis of titania nanotube arrays for supercapacitor applications
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Ambegoda, VP; Sitinamaluwa, HS; Sivahar, V
This research aimed to increase the capacitance of Titania nanotubes (TNTs) through improved electrical conductivity. The synthesis of Titania nanotubes (TNTs) was carried out using an electrochemical anodization method. To further enhance their performance, the electrochemical reduction process was employed on TNTs to modify the TNTs, involving the variation of the applied voltage to optimize the conditions for this modification. Additionally, graphene oxide (GO) was electrodeposited onto the reduced TiO2 nanotube arrays. The prepared samples were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests. The research outcomes are significant for advancing energy storage techniques, particularly in supercapacitor applications. Increasing the capacitance of TNTAs through improved electrical conductivity enhances the potential for efficient and high-performance energy storage devices. On the other hand, Sri Lanka possesses substantial titanium resources, which are valuable and can be effectively utilized to produce Titania Nanotubes. Hence, this research gives valuable insights into developing efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions, facilitating progress toward a greener and more sustainable future.
item: Conference-Abstract
Development of engine oil quality analyzer based on optical metrological techniques
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Ishan, RLP; Heshan, MPN; Attygalle, D; Sivahar, V
With an annual global consumption of 36.3 million tons of engine oil and concerns about premature disposal, we propose an optical metrological approach to accurately assess engine oil quality. A side polished optical fiber in touch with oil, photo diode and a photo detector were used to build the sensor unit. To avoid damage to the core, cladding removal was performed meticulously, while minimizing wire bending reduced optical power loss. Utilizing a side-polished optical fiber, the refractive index changes in engine oil were measured, allowing real-time assessment. This method offers non-destructive, precise, and straightforward measurements. Theoretical validation was done by utilizing Fresnel's equations. Further a correlation between theoretical values and refractive indices of oils with mileage was established. For the oil type 10W-30, which is used as the engine oil for petrol engines, a change of refractive index of 1.4651 to 1.4689 was observed over a milage of 3140 km. the detector voltage ratio for that range was 0.5928 to 0.6748, which is well within the range the sensor can detect. Similarly, an experiment conducted for oil type 15W-40, which is an engine oil used in diesel engine showed a refractive index variation of 1.5966 to1.6015 over a milage of 3721 km, which corresponds to a change of sensor voltage ratio 0.5427 to 0.4571 was obtained. Both experimental data and theoretical predictions confirmed that the sensor is effective and sensitive to subtle change in oil quality. This research successfully developed optical metrology, offering potential for online oil quality monitors, and addressing environmental concerns linked to premature oil disposal.
item: Conference-Abstract
Influence of particle size and crystallite size on hydroxyapatite nanoparticle degradation in pbs
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Anjana, JY; Arachchi, DHR; Adikary, SU; Sivahar, V
In this study, we investigate the influence of particle size and crystallite size of Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, synthesized using the wet chemical precipitation technique on degradation in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS). Different concentrations of calcium hydroxide and orthophosphoric acid were used for the synthesis process to achieve different supersaturations. The Ca/P molar ratio was kept at 1.67 while changing the supersaturation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using a laser particle analyzer, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX), and Fourier- Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to study their size, morphology, structure, and composition. The study demonstrated that controlling the precursor concentrations to induce varying supersaturation levels allows for the modulation of particle size and crystallite size of Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, subsequently affecting the degradation behavior of HA, which is dependent on the particle size.
item: Conference-Abstract
Studying the effect of quenching medium and the aging temperature on hardness of al6063 alloy
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023) Bandara, HMP; Kumarasingha, POAB; De Silva, GIP; Sivahar, V
This study investigates the influence of different combinations of quenching mediums and aging temperatures on the hardness of Al 6063 billets. To of finding maximum hardness, samples underwent quenching in air, water, and a salt bath and aging at temperatures of 170°C, 190°C, and 210°C. Microstructure images were obtained after quenching and after aging to compare the grain structures. Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/ EDS) analysis is utilized to examine the composition of both the inside and outside of the particles present in the samples of after aging, use to identify and characterize the precipitates formed during the aging process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images are obtained for samples representing the highest, lowest, and medium hardness values after aging, to investigate the relationship between hardness and particle sizes distribution. The major results of this research revealed that the combination of quenched medium as salt and an aging temperature of 190°C resulted in the highest hardness value of 85.46HV. This optimized process can serve as a practical guideline for industries seeking to enhance the mechanical properties of Al6063 alloy, ensuring they can achieve the desired hardness levels efficiently and reliably. The exploration of this novel quenching medium presents an opportunity for local industries to adopt this approach and potentially improve their manufacturing processes by capitalizing on the benefits of salt quenching.
item: Conference-Abstract
Development of shape memory polymer for high temperature applications
(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2023-07-28) Koralage, CR; Srilal, TAB; Samarasekara, AMPB; Sivahar, V
Cyanate ester (CE) based polymers are well known for aerospace and microelectronic applications due to their unique characteristics at higher temperatures. Due to the cyanurate network formed during the curing process, cyanate ester-based shape memory polymers have resistance to harsh environment conditions. Furthermore, the shape memory behaviour of CE based resins allows them to be a suitable candidate for high temperature applications which require shape memory effect. This study investigates the shape memory behaviour of bisphenol-A-cyanate ester (BACE) cured with polyethylene glycol (PEG) with five different ratios. The formation of cyanurate has been confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The thermal stability of the developed material was confirmed using the Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)/ Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was confirmed that thermal stability remains up to 350 C0. The shape memory behavior was successfully performed by the polymer with shape memory bending test. The modified resin with higher PEG ratios indicates higher shape recovery ratios whereas the resins with lower PEG ratios exhibit higher shape fixity ratios, tensile strengths, and hardness values. Using PEG as the switching segment, CE based resins can be used for high temperature shape memory applications and can be modified to obtain certain properties according to the PEG ratios.

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