ISERME - 2017

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/14733

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item: Conference-Full-text
Applicability of ground penetration radar (GPR) technique to optimize soil Nail Wall designs
Lasan, HLI; Weerasekara, MN; Prashanth, S; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Premasiri, HMR; Samaradivakara, GVI; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Soil nailing is used to stabilize existing natural slopes or excavations using soil reinforcement technique. Due to lack of information on ground profiles and thickness of soil layers, the required soil nail lengths cannot be determined in advance, for most of the steep slopes. Furthermore, the cost of drilling in fresh rock is much higher than the cost of drilling in soft soil and weathered rock. Without proper information on the depth at which the fresh rock is found, a cost-effective soil nail wall design cannot be finalized. This research was focused on studying the methods that can be used for soil nail wall design optimization by applying Ground Penetration Radar (GPR). The study was carried out on an unstable slope near Nursing Training School located in Kandy in the central part of Sri Lanka.The physical properties of soil were determined by direct shear tests, and stability analysis was done by means of “Slope-W” software. GPR techniques were also used in this study. The investigation results showed that the existing slope is unstable, and necessary to be protected. Further, it was identified that the basement rock cannot be encountered at already designed depths of the soil nails, which was subcequently proven as correctbased on data from ongoing drilling for soil nail installations. With the precise knowledge about the underground geological structure using GPR technique, the drilling cost, nail transporting cost, nail off cutting time to complete the total work can be reduced.
item: Conference-Full-text
Applicability of pre-heating techniques for recovery of garnet from garnet biotite gneiss
Jayakodi, JDSU; Weliwita, BY; Nishanthan, SS; Samaradivakara, GVI; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Rohitha, LPS; Vijitha, AVP; ; ; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
In mineral processing industry, the highest energy is consumed by crushing and grinding operations. However, if we can initiate micro cracks in the hard rock pieces in advance, we should be able to reduce the crushing energy and liberate useful minerals economically. Various pre-heating techniques have been tried by the scientists around the world to liberate minerals from rocks. In this investigation, pre-heating techniques were used to liberate Garnet from Garnet Biotite Gneiss. The market price of Garnet varies with the particle size. Hence, the samples were crushed and sized into industry needed three size fractions: (+250-850) μm, (+180-250) μm and (-180) μm. Afterwards, by means of Wilfley Table, Garnet was separated from rocks. Final Garnet recovery percentage was recorded for different temperatures. Furthermore, energy calculation was done for each sample to get an idea about the power consumption. It was observed that the crushing strength decreases with the temperature increment and it has been proven by identifying propagation of micro cracks in thin sections, prepared from rock samples pre-heat treated in Muffle Furnace and Microwave Oven. The analysis reveals that the preheat treated and quenched samples give higher Garnet recovery than Garnet recovered from as-received samples of Garnet rich Biotite Gneiss.
item: Conference Full-text
Application of emulsion explosive and comparative study on water-gel explosives for rock quarrying in Sri Lanka
Dharmaratne, PGR; Hemalal, PVA; Rohitha, LPS; Herath, B; ; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Dynamite has been the premier and the only high explosive used for mining and construction activities in Sri Lanka for a long period of time. Negative environmental impacts, effect on health and security hazards led to the Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL) to issue directives to find a suitable substitute for Dynamite. Subsequently, Water-Gel explosive was introduced in the year 2011. The poor performance of Water-Gels in wet conditions and it’s low Velocity of Detonation encouraged the use of Emulsion explosives. This research was focused on performing a comparative study of the performance of both Water-Gels and Emulsion explosives by analysis of the ground vibration and the blast air over pressures. The methodology adopted was to conduct ten blasts at one single metal quarry site keeping all other parameters constant. Blasting tests were performed using Emulsion explosives and Water-Gel explosives and the resulting ground vibration and Air-Blast overpressures were measured with Blastmate 111model for each blast. Calculation of mean fragmentation was done and particle size distribution based on photographic evidence of each blast was analyzed. Analysis was carried out demarcating the resultant production pile of aggregates covering a cleared zone. Grid lines inserted on the muck pile facilitated particle counting using photographs and calculating the mean fragmentation.
item: Conference Full-text
Assessment of seasonal impacts on groundwater quantity and quality in upstream of Malwathu Oya Basin
Madhushankha, JML; Madhuwan, ARB; Menan, P; Chaminda, SP; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Jayawardena, CL; ; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Malwathu Oya Basin which covers 2350km2 located in Anuradhapura district is considerably populated and the safety and the available quantity of water is crucial for the people. Water samples were collected from selected locations during South- West monsoon period, Second Inter monsoon period and North-East monsoon period from September 2016 to March 2017. The samples were analysed for pH, turbidity, conductivity, fluoride, chloride, magnesium and calcium as basic drinking water quality parameters. Only the shallow regolith aquifers are considered for the study. The groundwater quality variation of the area shows a considerable variation from dry season to rainy season in general water quality of the area, and is in acceptable limit for most of the basic parameters. With the seasonal changes Fluoride and Chloride content is higher than permissible limits in some areas.
item: Conference Full-text
Bioremediation of lead-contaminated mine waste using microbially Induced carbonate precipitation
Mwandira, W; Nakashima, K; Kawasaki, S; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
The aim of this study was to use microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) technique to bioremediate lead using bacterium Pararhodobacter sp. Laboratory scale experiments conducted, achieved complete removal of lead. This result was further confirmed by SEM and XRD analysis that indicated coprecipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and cerussite (PbCO3). Furthermore, syringe test demonstrated that MICP based sequestration of heavy metals via coprecipitation with calcium carbonate may be useful for lead bioremediation. Very few low-cost in situ heavy metal treatment processes for lead bioremediation are available; therefore, bioimmobilization of lead by MICP has the potential for application as a low-cost and eco-friendly method for heavy metal remediation.
item: Conference Full-text
Characteristics studies on engineering properties of river sand substitutes for conventional concrete and mortar works
Withanage, AK; Sugathadasa, AGMRP; Mithushan, T; Dissanayake, D; Rohitha, LPS; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
The main sand source of construction industry in Sri Lanka is river sand. However, being a developing country, the demand for river sand increases gradually. Based on engineering computations, sand demand for 2013 was estimated to be 12,266,186m3. The GSMB currently keeps records of all the licenses issued for sand mining and transportation, and according to these records the approximate annual sand supply is 7,132,631m3(GSMB records), which is far below the estimated demand. The difference may compensate by to illegal mining. Thus, this kind of unrestricted harvesting of sand is resulting in heavy rates of soil erosion; land degradation; increased river-water turbidity; lowered water tables; salinity intrusion in the lower reaches of rivers. Further, over use of river sand for construction industry has various undesirable social and ecological consequences. As a solution for this, various alternatives such as offshore sand, quarry dust, manufactured sand, dune sand, washed soil, waste building material, broken glass and blast furnace slag have been identified by various countries. Thus, this study attempts to identify suitable alternatives for river sand to mitigate the environmental issues related to river sand mining in Sri Lanka. In this project, we use manufacture sand, quarry dust, beach sand and off shore sand to test the suitability for conventional concrete and mortar works. Basically testing for concrete strength using uniaxial compressive strength and check grading of all river sand substitutes are performed. In addition to that two types of sand were mixed in various ratios and check those concrete and mortars for the compressive strength test to find the best mix ratio of sand for construction purposes. Finally those results were compared with strength of concrete for which river sand was used.
item: Conference Full-text
Critical evaluation of current environmental comfort conditions of Bogala underground
Lasantha, MML; Thushath, T; Somarathne, KGMS; Hemalal, PVA; Dharmaratne, PGR; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Ventilation is a basic part of all underground mine operations as fresh, cool air is required to remove stale, affected air from the workings. The inadequate ventilation often is the cause of lower worker efficiency leading to decreased productivity and increased accident rates. This study focuses on the evaluation of environmental comfort conditions in Bogala Underground, a medium-depth underground graphite mine located in Aruggammana, Sri Lanka. A detailed ventilation survey was carried out taking measurements of dry bulb temperatures, wet bulb temperatures, Dry Kata and Wet Kata thermometer values, air velocities, surface air temperature and barometric pressures at strategic points covering the entire mine. All results were compared with corresponding standard values which describe the standard conditions to be met for working underground. Recommendations were made to improve the present environmental comfort conditions by installing auxiliary fans in stopes where necessary which will enhance the immediate mine environment contributing to health and safety aspects of the underground working environment.
item: Conference Full-text
Demand estimating model to forecast the building material requirements for the construction and allied industries in Sri Lanka
Maduranga, WWDD; Nithushan, N; Jayasinghe, JKSN; Dissanayake, DMDOK; ; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Over the past few years, there has been a high level of interest in modelling demand estimation for the construction and allied industries in Sri Lanka. Demand estimation is a process that involves coming up with an estimate of the level of demand for a product or service and, typically confined to a particular period of time, a month, quarter or year. Demand estimation methods can be categorized into two main categories according to the technique applied to analyse data. Different approaches are survey methods and statistical methods. For a good quantitative analysis, statistical methods are more preferable. Regression analysis method which comes under econometric statistical method is more preferable to develop demand estimation models since it has high accuracy level. In the regression analysis, there are two methods to develop the model. These are Single Regression Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis. The few steps to develop the estimation models are statement of a theory or hypothesis, model specification, data collection, estimation of parameters, checking goodness of it, hypothesis testing and forecasting. In this project, there are two models for sand and ABC materials each and the first model is for dust and ¾ particle size. Developed model for chip particles was rejected due to inaccuracy of the unavailability of required data. In validation, sand and ¾ particle size have shown very high accuracy when as dust and ABC has shown quite lower accuracy.
item: Conference Full-text
Developing relationships among grindability, chemical composition and particle size of raw material mix at Aruwakkalu Limestone for Cement Production
Mendis, BSM; Jayathunga, THGS; Madurapperuma, HH; Rohitha, LPS; Dharmarathne, PGR; Hemalal, PVA; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y.
In this research study, the relationship among chemical constituents (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Cl-, SO3, Na2O and K2O) and raw meal grindability are investigated on raw meal samples taken from the output of ball mill. The X - ray Fluorescence analysis is used to check the chemical composition and grindability is checked in the form of residue test of No 212 sieve residue. The distribution curves of the variables were analyzed to examine the skewness of the distribution. The Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation analysis was performed on each two variables to identify any linear mathematical relationship between variables. The time series analysis was carried out to find the best fitting curve between grindability and the variables. Scatter plot analysis was finally performed and the results show the effect of chemical components and particle size distribution of raw meal were found to be range correlated on the raw meal grindability. The most suitable chemical constituent range to improve the grindability of raw meal are given based on 68% , 95% and 99% confidence intervals. The quality parameters such as Lime Saturation Factor, Alumina Ratio and Silica Ratio also evaluated based on chemical constituent values of 68%, 95% and 99% confidence intervals.
item: Conference Full-text
Development of a methodology to map railway lines and surrounding land use using UAVs
Manatunga, UI; Munasinghe, N; Premasiri, HMR; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
High accurate railway maps and terrain information (Digital Elevation Models) is a major concern for future railway constructions and railway lines development.The mapping of railway line using ground based surveying techniques istime consuming and problematic.Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) technology has revolutionized the aerial photogrammetric mapping due to its low cost and high spatial resolution. It enables mapping the land use with greater accuracy in both 2D and 3D. The “DJI Phantom 4“ drone was selected as the UAV platform to acquire image data. In this study, we have developed a fully automated and highly accurate engineering approach for detecting land use and railway line, which is based on textural information from orthophoto and elevation information (Digital Surface Models)obtained from the drone.The Pix4D software was used to develop the orthophoto and a Digital Surface Model (DSM) and the DSM was validated by using the ground control points.The rule sets knowledge-based classification method in object oriented classification was used to classify the land use and railway with the use of “eCognition“ software. Finally, the results were compared with digitize land use layer to validate the results, and obtained overall accuracy of 90.15%.
item: Conference Full-text
Diamond core drilling for narrow vein graphite exploration - as practiced at Bogala Mines, Sri Lanka (A Case Study)
Ekanayake, EMKB; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
The vein type graphite deposits which are rich in carbon found in Sri Lanka occur in metamorphic rocks as narrow steeply dipping veins. In Sri Lanka, generally these graphite deposits are explored by diamond core drilling technique. This technique has revolutionized the mining industry and directly resulted in the discovery of many minable ore bodies that would otherwise have gone untapped. Generally in this technique, possible ore bodies (veins) are explored by drilling a series of exploratory drill holes according to a pattern of drill holes designed by a competent geologist. After receiving core samples and related data sheets, core logging activity is carried out by the geologist for each and every bore hole. It is usually one of the last stages of exploration, and with data taken from core logging can be used to interpret 3-dimentional view with the support of software like Surpac. Finally it would be possible to determine whether the prospect is economically viable or not for mining. This paper looks at the suitability of diamond core drilling technique practiced in exploring narrow graphite veins in Bogala Graphite Mines of Sri Lanka and will discuss in detail pros and cons of the applying method.
item: Conference Full-text
Dynamics of the Madu-Ganga Estuary
De Silva, UHNH; Somasiri, RBHP; Jayasekara, NNL; Ratnayake, AS; Dushyantha, N; Weththasinghe, SM; Samaradivakara, GVI; Vijitha, AVP; Ratnayake, NP; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake ABN; Elakneswaran, Y;
Among the estuaries in Sri Lanka, Madu-Ganga Estuary plays a significant role to generate a massive income through tourism. The existing tropical ecosystem attracts the tourists. However, this ecosystem faces problems of environmental deterioration problems which affect the tourism industry and income of the local community. Therefore, this research is mainly focused for understanding hydro dynamics and sediment dynamics process in Madu-Ganga Estuary. The four field visits were carried out to cover southwest and northeast monsoon periods. In situ and laboratory tests were conducted for surface and bottom water samples of Madu-Ganga Estuary to analyse the quality of the water. In addition, grab and core samples and sub-bottom profile data were used to identify sediment distribution patterns of the estuary. Moreover, time series satellite images were used to identify nearshore sediment dynamics along the western coast of Sri Lanka. Results show that a significant variation of water quality parameters under the estuary mouth opened and closed conditions. The spatial variation of chloride content also indicates that estuary mouth opened condition plays a major role to control seawater invasion in this aquatic system. Sub-bottom profile data shows cyclic/seasonal changes in accumulation of sediments in Madu-Ganga Estuary. Time series satellite images indicate that sand can probably receive from the southern region by predominant longshore currents during the southwest monsoon. Further studies are recommended to identify lake ecosystem responses to physicochemical changes and to design seasonal mining capability.
item: Conference Full-text
Effect of organic bio-polymer on bio-mineralization of CaCO3
Nawarathna, THK; Nakashima, K; Kawasaki, S; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Organic matrix in the biogenic CaCO3 has a significant influence on the CaCO3 crystal growth, its polymorphs and morphology. In this research, effect of the cationic and anionic organic bio-polymers on the crystallization of CaCO3 was investigated in microbial induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) process. In the current study, poly-L-lysine and poly-glutamate were used as cationic and anionic biopolymers, respectively. Urea hydrolysis by ureolytic bacteria Pararhodobacter sp. led to CaCO3 formation in the presence of Ca2+ ions. The reaction was conducted with the addition of the polymers under different conditions. After oven-drying precipitation, the amount of precipitate was measured and morphology of the precipitate was analyzed by using scanning electron microscope. Bell-shaped curve was obtained in the relationship between the amount of the precipitate and the poly-L-lysine concentration. However, amount of precipitate remained approximately constant with the increase of the poly-glutamate concentration. In the presence of poly-L-lysine, morphology of the crystals changed from well-developed rhombohedral crystals to ellipsoidal shaped aggregates. But in poly-glutamate addition, polyhedral and spherical crystals are predominant.
item: Conference Full-text
Effect of physical and mineralogical properties of aggregates on strength and durability of asphalt concrete
Bastion, PGS; Chandrapala, SWTD; Rangana, KHVG; Chaminda, SP; Jayawardena, CL; Premasiri, HMR; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Asphalt is a mixture of aggregates, binder and filler. The performance of an asphalt matrix mainly depends on the characteristics of its constituents along with the quality of construction process. As 94-95 percent of the total weight of asphalt matrix consists of aggregates, the performance of the mixture is greatly affected and influenced by the properties of aggregates. In the local asphalt industry, aggregates used to produce asphalt concrete, are tested and approved for the application only by evaluating physical parameters such as LAAV, AIV, and shape tests. In this research, mineralogical properties of aggregates have been systematically analysed along with the respective physical and asphalt properties. Crushed aggregates and lump samples were collected from a number of metal quarries and asphalt plants, representing rock types from three major geological complexes; Wanni, Highland and Vijayan of Sri Lanka. Tests were carried out to evaluate physical and mineralogical properties of aggregate and Marshall stability and flow values of asphalt mixture. The suitability of aggregates for asphalt pavement construction were discussed using the test results. Findings of the research proposes to consider the collective influence of both physical and mineralogical properties of aggregates when selecting competent materials for asphalt concrete manufacture.
item: Conference Full-text
Effect of trenching on bast-Induced ground vibration in Sri Lankan metal quarries
Samarakkody, SATI; Dharmaratne, PGR; Hemalal, PVA; Premasiri, HMR; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Problems due to ground vibration are a matter of serious concern for the users of explosives, as it is not possible to eliminate vibration totally or to contain them at the source. Efforts need to be made in controlling the vibration to fall within the safe level, without affecting the production schedules and economic viability of the project. If ground vibrations predicted or monitored exceed the statutory limit, control measures are taken by modifying the blast design parameters. In the research, digging a trench between the vibration source and the point of observation has been studied as a technique to reduce the transmission of the Rayleigh waves. The extent to which ground vibration could be reduced has been examined by field experiments carried out at an open cast quarry situated at Arankele, Sri Lanka. Blast vibration measurements have been carried out for active isolation, where the trench is excavated closer to the blasting point. An average of ten single shot hole blasts carried out correspondingly for four different depths of shot holes namely 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m and 2.5 m with varying depths of trench shows ground vibration reduction percentages of 6.3%, 1.2%, 7.0% and 18.3% at a point immediately after the trench keeping the depth of the trench greater than that of the shot hole in each blast, and reduction percentages at a point closer to the observation point under the same conditions for the four shot hole depths were 72.2%, 54.4%, 55.1% and 45.1% respectively. The corresponding values after digging the trench show ground vibration reduction percentages as 57.8%, 53.9%, 40.5% and 36.7% at the point immediately after the trench location and vibration reduction percentages of 55.5%, 64.7%, 56.8% and 42.3% at the point closer to the point of observation for the corresponding four shot hole depths. Results indicate that after digging the trench, ground vibration reduction levels recorded were much higher, compared to those obtained before digging the trench. However, results obtained closer to the point of observation do not indicate a reduction for each shot hole depth. This leads to the conclusion that active isolation results in a considerable reduction in ground vibration level under given geological conditions.
item: Conference Full-text
Effectiveness of emulsion explosives in quarrying in high grade metamorphic rocks in Sri Lanka
Weerawarnkula, S; Hemalal, PVA; Pathirana, KPR; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
The optimization of explosive usage in Sri Lankan metamorphic rock is the main objective of this research. Sonic velocity of the rock is a reliable indicator of its structural integrity and resistance to fragmentation. Aggregate impact value is a one parameter of hardness of rock. This study has been conducted on the assumption that the aggregate impact value is an indicator of hardness of the rock. Tests have been planned keeping blasting parameters constant against different rock types having different aggregate impact values. Comparison of the results shows the behaviour of explosives with different rock types having different aggregate impact values or hardness. D'Autriche method has been used to determine the velocity of detonation of emulsion explosives. According to the results of blasting using emulsion explosives on hard rocks produced a greater blast volume and a higher production with a lower fly rock throw, compared with that of softer rocks. Therefore, it is established that the concrete relationship with higher blast efficiencies exist with the hardness of rock and emulsion explosive usage.
item: Conference Full-text
Effects of metal ions on flotation of Sulfide minerals
Mayumi, I; Atsuhiro, T; Tatsuya, S; Tsuyoshi, H; Carlito, BT; Naoki, H; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Flotation is a mineral processing method that using deference of Hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity. In flotation, air bubbles are induced to the slurry that contains ground ore and water. Hydrophobic minerals are attached to air bubbles and floated to the surface of the slurry, and hydrophilic minerals remains in the slurry. Hydrophilic/hydrophobic property of minerals can be controlled by chemical reagents: Collectors like xanthate adsorbs on Cu and Pb sulfide minerals and make the mineral surface hydrophobic. If ore contains several minerals, interaction of the minerals on the floatation is observed: Sphalerite has less affinity to xanthate and low floatability. When anglesite exists with sphalerite, however, Pb2+ released from anglesite react with sphalerite and PbS-like compounds is formed on the surface, which has a high affinity to xanthate, resulting in the high floatability of sphalerite. Using a model sample containing galena, sphalerite, pyrite, anglesite, pyrrhotite and barite, the effects of Zn2+ on the flotation of the minerals was investigated with DOW#250 as frother, potassium amyl xanthate as collector, Na2SO3 as depressant, H2SO4 and NaOH as pH adjuster. When 500 ppm of Zn2+ was added, floatability of sphalerite was suppressed. The suppression mechanism of sphalerite by Zn2+ is discussed based on the experimental results.
item: Conference Full-text
Fluctuations in groundwater level and corresponding earth resistivity changes
Chandrasena, RTPIU; Madushanka, GHSP; Amalan, K; Samaradivakara, GVI; Chaminda, SP; Jayawardena, CL; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
The earth resistivity at a known location was frequently measured, through resistivity sounding. Resistivity of subsurface layers could be influenced by the permeability, porosity, transmissivity, composition etc., where moisture content was the concern of this study. ABEM-Terrameter SAS 1000 instrument was used for surveying and data were interpreted using “IPI2-win” software. A borehole was established to reveal accurate subsurface stratification information and monitor the groundwater level, at the surveying location. Groundwater level was recorded through a datalogger in the borehole, at each 12 hour interval. The precipitation data of the area were obtained from the meteorological department to understand the wet & dry seasonal characteristics. Attempts were made to identify the changes in apperant resistivity data in response to the changing groundwater levels/moisture content and the accuracy of corresponding layer thicknesses, computed through resistivity data.
item: Conference Full-text
Geochemical aspects of Calcite and Dolomite deposits around Rajawaka off Balangoda, Sri Lanka, and suitability for industry
Liyanage, WLDNK; Ranasinghe, GHPGKM; Yapa, SKSP; Weerawarnakula, S; Premasiri, HMR; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y
Major calcite and dolomite occurrences are found in Rajawaka off Balangoda in Sri Lanka. The area is undertaken by Precambrian marble rock which is one of the most common sources of calcite and dolomite in Sri Lanka. Field investigation, locating sample points, analytical work using AAS, ETDA titration, colorimetric methods and microscopic analysis were carried out in different phases to obtain chemical and mineralogical composition of calcite and dolomite. Results revealed that the marble samples contain major proportion of calcite mineral, calcitic marble with minor amount of dolomite. Quartz, graphite, pyrite, diopside, apatite, muscovite, phlogopite and biotite occur as accessory minerals. Also, analytical data showed an average acid insoluble of 5.73% and SiO2 of 4.71%, moderately high CaO content` of 81.71%, with low MgO content of 4.91% and very low iron oxide content of 0.37% and aluminum oxide content of 1.62%. These characteristics make this deposit suitable for major industrial uses especially the production of high quality lime and fertilizer manufacturing industries, and it is not suitable for the high-quality glass industry due to high content of silica and other accessories.
item: Conference Full-text
Ground penetration radar obseravtions at Kahagolla Landslide and evaluation of potential failure mechanism
Dissanayake, SW; Pathirana, GPNA; Sandaruwan, MKS; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Premasiri, HMR; Weerawarnakula, S; Abeysinghe, AMKB; Dassanayake, ABN; Elakneswaran, Y.
The term landslide is used to describe a wide variety of processes that result in the perceptible downward and outward movement of soil, rock and vegetation under gravitational influence. The material may move by falling, sliding, spreading, or flowing. Landslide disaster is caused to produce a significant impact to the economy of the country and caused to create number of social and enviromentalimpacts. This research was forced on studying the methods that can be used for evaluating the potential mechanism of Kahagolla landslide by applying geotechnical and geophysical techniques. The study was based on slow moving landslide located near the Kahagolla Estate. It belongs to Haputhale District Secretariate divisionin Badulla district.This study involves the use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and existing borehole information.GPR, technique used for defining underground structure, providing a time effective survey that yield high resolution data making it suitable for shallow and deep subsurface analyzing. The results were validated using the available borehole information. The GPR survey information revealed a close relationship with the borehole data. Hence, an optimum combination of GPR survey and borehole drilling can be proposed for cost controlling in landslide monitoring and instrumentation programme. After interpretation of GPR observations, could identify some of active slip surfaces and their depths from the ground surface.

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