Faculty of Architecture, Town & Country Planning

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/80

Browse

Now showing 1 - 14 of 14

item: Thesis-Abstract
An analytical study of urban space and crime case study-Bambalapitiya
(2014-07-15) Ratnayake, RMJC
It is predicted that the Sri Lanka's urban population will be around 55% to 60 % from the total population in year 2020. This is not a phenomenon only for Sri Lanka; entire Asian region particularly developing countries will get the same. At the same time it is predicted that the economic power will also be shifted to the Asian region from the western hemisphere. As a result urbanization will play crucial role regarding economic, social and cultural aspects in these countries. Therefore it can be assumed that urbanization will reshape and change dimensions of these factors while people will decides those changes in the course of good and bad. Crime which remains in urban areas as a hazard also can be spread further as a residual in the wake of these developments. When reviewing the literature it can be understood that study of crimes rather more close to sociology. However a lot of research endeavors can be found regarding crime and urban space in the last three decades by famous western scholar such as Barry Poyner, Jane Jacobs and Newman etc. However it can be noted that different studies envisages different outcomes hence it is still wide open for further studies. Therefore this study is also an attempt to envisage the existing situation of the occurrence of crime in relation to urban areas as well as their relationship with urban attributes in the perspective of the Sri Lankan cities. Therefore this research is devised through an analysis of the urban morphology attributes and crimes. For this three crime categories such as house breaking and theft, robberies and vehicle theft were employed which is known as opportunistic crimes. Through a literature review it was identified main attributes in urban space which more likely induced crimes and applied those main urban attributes to an urban area in city of Colombo to identify the crime pattern with the urban space. For this purpose the study areas was selected based on the frequency of above said crimes as well as crime per population. By the analysis it was map out that the some of the crimes were occurred due to the reasons of both macro and micro level urban attributes. However it also observed that first it required to saturated macro level of urban attributes at first and within that space micro level of urban attributes required to fulfill for the occurrence of crime. Thereby it was model the macro level of attributes to generate a crime risk areas in the study area and compared it with actual crimes to evaluate the possibility of the occurrences of crimes in macro level urban attributes.
item: Thesis-Abstract
A Case for a metropolitan authority for the development of the Colombo region
(2014-05-13) De Silva, GLD
item: Thesis-Abstract
Dynamics of urban growth pattern and urban hierarchy, a case study for North Central Province of Sri Lanka
(2015-02-08) Dissanayake, DBSK; Mahanama, PKS
The present population of Sri Lanka in the year 2007 is 19.88 millions. The urban population is 21.5% of total population. According to the proposed urban development policies of the country, the urban population will be 60% of total population in the year 2030. When the urban population increases, the existing urban areas will be grown accordingly. The urban growth will happen due to many reasons, because of population increase, increase in production levels of town areas and increase in service levels etc. The urban growth pattern of a region will be in different ways. Sometimes it will be the sprawl of existing town, sometimes it emerge new towns and will develop a small town into a large urban area or the large urban area will be neglected due to many reasons with the emerge of new town. According to the national physical planning policies of the country, it has proposed five major urban metropolises The North Central Metropolis is a major concern in the proposed physical plan' when we considering the available resources, climatic condition and natural hazards of NCP; it has high capacity for future developments of the Country. Then it is very important to assess the future development trends and to propose suitable plans for the province in the urban planning point of view. Then this research will be study on the existing urban growth pattern of NCP and will discuss the dynamics of urban growth pattern and will try to identify an appropriate future urban hierarchy for the province.
item: Thesis-Abstract
An Evaluation of development plan making process and implementation practice in the Urban development authority
(2015-02-08) Somarathne, HW; Mahanama, PKS
After declaration under the section 03 of the UDA Law No 41 of 1978 as urban development area, it is responsible for the preparation of urban development plan to the designated area to achieve economic, social and physical development. Considering the past thirty four years from the establishment of the UDA, 218 urban development areas have been declared and only 42 development plans have been gazette up to October 2012. Some Development plans have taken more than twenty years for the preparation. There is an immense duration gap between the data collection and the finalization of the plan. In this attempt government spends millions of rupees for the preparation of urban development plan. However it is experienced that those development plans have been taken many years for the preparation after the declaration. Furthermore, these development plans are used many resources and have not come up implementation and enforcement due to various reasons. The causes for this situation have been discovered by the study as the effect of adequacy of contextual factors and less guidance for implementation such as less understanding on data collection and use, lack of proper time management staff involvement in the planning process, lack of political acceptability and support for plan making and implementation, less coordination among the private and the government agencies who involved plan preparation. This situation leads to application of non realistic urban development plan making and implementation process. Establishment of a planning finance and monitoring division and introduce a time specified planning process with an efficient planning staff appointed for the preparation of development plan would be supported to reduce the failures in making and implementation of urban development plans. Key words: Development Plan making process, Plan evaluation criteria, implementation success, Qualitative analysis, adequacy of context, guidance for implementation
item: Thesis-Abstract
Evaluation of Peliyagoda integrated urban development project in Sri Lanka in terms of sustainable urban development
(2015-02-08) Kukulavithana, KDSS; Fernando, PKD
Peliyagoda area was identified by the Colombo Master Plan Team for development of Industries and Warehousing and was developed to a development project by Urban Development Authority. The Project was conceived as an integrated development project with not only industries and warehouses but also low income housing with related social facilities and infrastructure. Sustainable development is truly about achieving a balance between several objectives. (environmental , economic and social) over dynamic time and spatial horizons. (Haimes, 1992; Hellstromet et al., 2000). Despite several decades of discussion, no perfect definition of sustainable development has emerged. The concept of sustainable urban development directly addresses the social and environmental problems caused by urban development. The economic ,social, and environmental planning practices embodying the concept of sustainable urban development. Urban sustainability can only be achieved through addressing the economic, environmental and social health of the city. Promoting sustainable cities will require planners and other urban authorities to focus on the impacts of urban development. (UDA) is an organization engaged in urban planning and sustainable urban development in Sri Lanka. The research question was that whether planning initiatives have given due consideration for the sustainable urban development? The objective of this research is to ascertain , extent to which integrated urban development approach is being implemented in the Peliyagoda integrated urban development project with an emphasis on sustainable development ? Utilization driven evaluation type proposed by Patton (1997) was used for the evaluation of the Project . Method involved assessing a project with set of criteria’s in relation to sustainable indicators which were consist of literature review in this study according to the impacts of Economic , Environment or Social which were produced by after implementation of the Peliyagoda Project. After evaluation of the Project author suggest that whole project was sustainable and it was less than expectations. In order to in practice , future urban development projects need to be prepared in respect to more emphasize on the concept of sustainable development.
item: Thesis-Abstract
An evaluation of the concept of decentralization in its applicability to the development of Colombo metropolitan region
(2014-07-03) Rajakaruna, SA
This study is concerned with planning the development of the Colombo Metropolitan Region by taking into consideration the applicability of the concept of decentralization. The study has been carried out within the Colombo Metropolitan Region defined by the UNDP assisted Master Planning Team. The discussion of this study has been divided into three parts comprising eight chapters. Part I is the introductory; it discusses the background to the Colombo Metropolitan Region and includes three chapters. The first chapter introduces the existing setting of the study region. Having an idea regarding the study region, the second chapter discusses the spatial relationships of the study region in the national context. The final chapter of this Part introduces past attempts in the planning of the region, particularly in the Abecrombie Colombo Regional Plan. Part II contains the analytical portion of this study and it comprises four chapters. The Part II examines the planning options available for the development of Colombo Metropolitan Region based on the analysis of the study. It begins in the fourth chapter, by discussing the analytical frame of the study region. The conceptual options available for the development of the Colombo Metropolitan Region is discussed in the fifth chapter. The next chapter has critically evaluated the concept of decentralization. Having had an idea of the concept of decentralization, the final chapter of this Part deals with the applicability of this concept for the planning development of the study region. Part III of the study and the chapter in it gives the main conclusions and recommendations of this study.
item: Thesis-Abstract
An examination of the small scale industries in relation to employment, community development and development potential
(2014-05-19) Fernando, KD
item: Thesis-Abstract
Housing needs of the urban sector in the Colombo District
(2014-05-09) Alif, MS
Chapter I of this study deals briefly with the geographical and historical description of the Island of Sri Lanka and the Colombo District, and gives such background information including the pattern of development of the Urban Sector of the Colombo District, as is necessary to set this study in its correct perspective. Throughout this study, due to the distinct features and characteristics of the City on the one hand, and the rest of the Urban Sector of the District, on the other, and as they are in different stages of development, they have been treated separat ely, wherever necessary.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Impacts of middle rise & intermediate rise developments in the city of Colombo
(2014-07-15) Peiris, AWAA; Mahanama, PKS
"There are currently about 200 middle rise & intermediate rise buildings, in the Colombo city & the infrastructure of the city will be affected on the long run, if authorities & developers are not cautious, when approving & building high rises" states the chairman of the Condominium Management Authority. Therefore the study is focused on the examination of the actual existence of the problems associated with middle rise & intermediate rise developments. The objective of the study is to investigate whether the problems related to middle rise & intermediate rise developments are really happening in the city. The methodology of the research is based on a case study area. Here 50 middle rise & intermediate rise buildings are selected randomly and a questionnaire based survey as well as an observation strategy is used to test the research problem. The data that has been gathered from above two strategies and the descriptive analysis done is to identify the research problem. It presents the impacts of middle rise & intermediate rise buildings on the city. It is further learnt that, most of the buildings fall under the intermediate rise category due to the non availability of side spaces as per the "Form C" of the city of Colombo development plan 1999. It indicates that construction of middle rise & intermediate rise buildings create various problems in terms of physical, social, economic & environmental aspects. Therefore it is necessary to consider these facts & improve the existing infrastructure facilities before the approval of middle rise & intermediate rise buildings.
item: Thesis-Abstract
The implication of land reform in the planned developmnent of rural settlement with special reference to Ratnapura district
(2014-07-03) Siriwardane, WA
Sri Lanka rural population trill be strongly influenced by the a process of land reform introduced by/government in 1972. These reforms have vested over a million acres with the state and also nationalised the ownership of large plantations or estates in the country. These will enable the opportunity to effectively plan the rural sector with a stronger economic base and less limitations; of ownership. A planning study of the rural settlements in the context of the opportunities offered by land reform is timely. This dissertaion is an attempt in this direction. The study is divided into three Parts comprising eight chapters. The first chapter of Part I penetrates into the historical background of land reforms and discussed the magnitude of the problem faced by settlements. The second chapter deals wit hthe provisions and objectives of Land Reform Law No.I of 1972 and its amendment Law No.39 of 1975. In this an attempt has been made to identify the various features of the Law and its impending results on the rural settlements. Chapter three has discucced the condition of the rural settlements before the introduction of land reform of 1972 with special reference to the Ratnapura District. This chapter has particularly attempted a study of the changing pattern of the rusal settlements. The next chapter has discussed the organisational features pertaining to the development of rural settlements taking note of the Land Reform Commission and of the existig structure of Central Government and Local Government institutions. Necessity to have a better understanding and co-ordination has been pointed out. part II comprises the analysis of the study and has three chapters. It has critically evaluated and analysed the Facters that related to land reform policies in term of rural settlements with specific attention to Ratnapura Si strict. Thus chapter five has analysed the structural and spatial changes envisaged or brought in by land reform specifically in Ratnapura. It has evaluated the value of intergrating the estate settlements which existed independently with the rural settlements. Development of local townships and rural settlements with the purpose of bringing in some balance received special attention here, ghapter six has critically evaluated the planning-organisation of rural settlements. This has been followed in chapter seven with the implications of land reform for settlement planning through.the Local Authority who are the statutory planning agencies for settlements. In the context of chapters six and seven the introduced nev principles of land alienation has also been discussed. In addition the necessity to have a closer contact with the local authorities has been raised. The Janawasa (new settlement schemes)introduced the land reform has also been critically discussed in this Part. It has pointed out the need for comprehensive planning of settlement established under the Janawasas. Part III include the conclusions and the recommendations of this study.
item: Thesis-Abstract
An integrated index to assess urban sprawl case study-Kaluthara city and its suburbs
(2014-07-16) Samaratunge, DSN; Mahanama, PKS
The previous works on the subject of urban sprawl showed that urban sprawl is a complex phenomenon but they have not identified a clear definition of what exactly urban sprawl really is. Assessing urban sprawl is even a more difficult task even though there are numerous attempts that have been made to assess urban sprawl. Different scientific methods and approaches were used for this task. Some researchers have attempted to assess urban sprawl in a simple manner while some attempted multi dimensional approaches such as multi factor approach, integrated urban sprawl approach, geo-spatial approach etc. The problem is that these assessment methods are not appropriate in the Sri Lankan context, because most of them address urban sprawl as experienced in the Western world. Therefore, this research attempted to fill this gap by identifying a suitable method for assessing urban sprawl in Sri Lanka. It is noteworthy that, this is the first attempt for assessing urban sprawl in Sri Lankan context as surveys of previous studies indicate. Generally speaking urban sprawl in Sri Lanka is on the increase. But it has not yet been empirically assessed or calculated in detail. Major cause that influenced urban sprawl in Sri Lanka was the rapid urban expansion. It may be that this might have been encouraged by not having a proper definition of "urban" applicable to the country. Under these circumstances and the present phase of development, the research identified a multi-factor approach to assess urban sprawl in Sri Lanka. For this purpose 12 indicators have been selected which have been associated with urban sprawl, viz. urban built up density, residential population density, leapfrog development, strip highway development, loss of arable land, encroachment of open space, damage s to eco sensitive areas, segregated land use, proximity to urban functions, availability of local area development plans, land values and road density. Combining all these indicators in a rational weighted manner the research formed an Integrated Urban Sprawl Index (IUSI) for assessing urban sprawl in Sri Lanka. Land use changes which have been taken place in between 1992 and 2002, highlighted the gradual increase of urban expansion of the selected area. For instance, by 2002, some rubber plantation areas are completely converted into residential purposes. Further, it is found that the low land values of these areas are directly influenced for land conversion. The validity of the formulated IUSI was tested in ground situation of 2002 in the city of Kalutara and its suburbs. For this purpose, GIS techniques such as mapping, modeling and overlaying; photo interpretation, spread sheets, Graphs and word processing were applied to analysis urban sprawl in Sri Lanka. VII Finally, the urban sprawl assessment in Sri Lanka carried out in two ways; (1) Urban sprawl assessing by individual component and (2) urban sprawl assessing by IUSI. The results of individual component analysis illustrated four clusters of urban sprawl that can be identified in the area such as highly compact, compact, sprawling and highly sprawling while the integrated urban sprawl index revealed only three types of development patterns such as highly compacted, compacted and sprawling areas.Thereby it was model the macro level of attributes to generate a crime risk areas in the study area and compared it with actual crimes to evaluate the possibility of the occurrences of crimes in macro level urban attributes.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Integration of water bodies with urban development (special reference to Kurunegala municipal council area)
(2014-07-15) Kumara, LMS; Herath, M
This research intended to study the capacity to integrate the potentials of lakes with urban development special reference to the KMC. It focused to envisage that with urban development can be promoted, by integrating potentials of urban lakes. Urban lakes and urban development has integrated with the fields of watershed management; water based urban development, economic, social and environmental value of urban lakes and urban ecology etc. Lake Watershed characteristics such as climatic, physiographic, geology, soil, atershed hydrology, land use and socio economic features are considered for the development of lake watershed area. Out of those it is necessary to consider the land use and socio economic characters because of which changes by the human intervention. Lakes are influenced to change its natural state by the use and existing development activities surrounding the lake and its watershed area. The vulnerability of those influences varies from lake to lake depending on its size shape, type and related other factors. The level of growth and developments of watersheds of a lake depends on a lake's capacity to support that development. In concerning the sensitivity to development of a lake it needs to consider physical characteristics of lakes as mentioned above and chemical or biological characteristics. However, due to changing overtime of chemical or biological characteristics of lakes it mainly focuses to the physical characteristics for the lake's sensitivity. Based on the lake watershed characteristics, carrying capacity and sensitivity to development, lakes are associated with the significant social, natural and physical features that enhance the lakes characteristics and its surrounding area, and make it a desirable place for people to live, visit and earn a sustainable livelihood. Urban lakes are valuable assets to the people in terms of recreation, tourism, commercial historic sporting visual/landscape amenity, flood management, climatic modification, ecological/environmental etc. A ring of development is generally formed around urban lakes with the greatest density of development activities. In changing natural state of a lake due to development activities it leads to change its carrying capacity. For sustainable development of lakes there are some zoning areas such as lake shoreline, shoreline buffer, shore land protection area and contributing to the watershed area. Also lake water surface area is zoned as inlet, intermediate and outlet areas. For the development of those areas there are some development guidelines to adopt for each lake zones to integrate the lakes potentials for the development. The historic Sri Lanka has utilized their lakes especially for supply of drinking water, recreation, scenic beauty, storm water retention, climatic modification etc. Anuradapura, Pollonnaruwa, Kandy, Yapahuwa, Kurunegala, such all ancient cities had a water body within the city limit for those purposes. Kurunegala city is the capital of Kurunegala district and classified administratively as a Municipal Council. Kurunegala Lake is a man made ancient ornamental water body located in the heart of the city at 126m above MSL. This Lake is a perennial water body having an extent of 46.6 hectares. The lake provides much potential to the city.
item: Thesis-Abstract
Planning implications of the regional disparities in Sri Lanka
(2014-05-16) Dickman, LD;
This study is concerned with the planning implications of the existing regional disparities in Sri Lanka. The regional development problem is one of inequality in the development of suhnational geographic (Wet-Zone and Dry-Zone) regions and of the disparities in the distribution of wealth and income and in the provisions of infrastructure utilities and amenities.
item: Thesis-Abstract
The plans implications of Janawasa settlements in Sri Lanka
(2014-07-04) Samarawickrama, SALR
The study is concerned with the planning implications arising from the establishment of Janawesa Settlements in Sri Lanka, which was introduced recently to settle landless youth in a collective ownership basis in the Vested Land. The discussion in the study has been carried out in 3 parts. Part I is introductory. It introduces the background to the establishment of Janawesas in Sri Lanka. This gives a brief historical perspective of the land policies which was introduced periodically and the impact of such policies. It also describes the existing organised settlement schemes in Sri Lanka. A comprehensive description of the Land Reform Law 1972 and its Amendment Law of 1975 is also included in this part. In addition, this part also focuses attention of the concepts which led to the establishment of the Land Reform Law, and the physical take over of Vested Land. Part II comprises the analytical portion of the study. It begins by a critical evaluation of the present Janawasa Bill x/hich Has recently passed by the National State Assembly. The concept of collective ownership in settlement planning which is the basic concept of Janawasa is discussed in this part with special references to the development of collective farms in China. The Specific Planning issues of Janawasas as identified in the recent Survey is also incorporated in this Part. Part III of the study comprises the conclusions and recommendations.

Browse

Browsing Faculty of Architecture, Town & Country Planning by Subject "CITY PLANNING"