ICAHETS - 2024

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/22976

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Browsing ICAHETS - 2024 by Conference "5th International Conference on Advances in Highway Engineering & Transportation Systems 2024"

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    Development of an Intelligent Road Safety Mobile Navigation Application Using Machine Learning for Real-Time Accident Hotspot and Severity Prediction: A Case Study in Sri Lanka
    (Transport Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering, 2024) Jayamanna, JMCT; Kalansooriya, P.; Pasindu, H.K.
    In Sri Lanka as well as other countries, traffic accidents are a leading cause of fatalities. Many factors contribute to the high mortality rate in developing countries. One of the reasons that road accidents occur is that people are unaware of common accident locations. The government has already enforced other tactics, like traffic signals and fines, to reduce these incidents, but they have been ineffective. But if people have a way to change their driving patterns based on the common accident locations, so-called hotspots, we can decrease the road traffic accidents that happen on a daily basis. This study focuses on improving road safety by developing an intelligent road safety mobile navigation application that provides real-time alerts on accident hotspots and severity levels to drivers during their journey on the road. This system uses supervised machine learning for building a most suitable model for accident hotspots and severity prediction that is tailored for Sri Lankan accident data by conducting an in-depth review of existing machine learning techniques and analysis of historical accident data. According to the review, comparison, and evaluation, the final predictive machine learning model was implemented using an XGBoost regression model for the prediction of accident hotspots and a random forest classification model for accident severity prediction. By integrating the implemented predictive model, this study proposes a mechanism to gather real-time accident data and the development of the mobile application, which provides the foundation to revolutionize road safety and enables drivers to make safer decisions on the road.
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    Innovative Approaches to Bitumen Modification: Comparison of Rice Husk Ash, Pyrolysis Carbon Black, and Waste Face Mask Polymers
    (Transport Engineering Division Department of Civil Engineering, 2024) Jayasinghe, S.; Hettiarachchi, C.; Mampearachchi, W.K.; Pasindu, H.R.
    Passengers expect a smooth and safe transition along the roads. Bitumen is mainly used in flexible pavement construction. However, inherent shortcomings of bituminous pavement such as rutting, fatigue, thermal cracking and water submergence cause issues related to the pavement performance and its durability. To overcome these shortcomings, modifiers are added to the bitumen to improve its properties. With the advent of sustainable concepts, addition of waste-based material into construction materials to improve their performance while addressing the waste management issue is an emerging area of research. Many researches have utilized waste-based materials as bitumen modifiers. Out of them, Pyrolysis Carbon Black (PCB), Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Waste Face Mask (FM) have been selected for this study by considering the availability on a local basis. Although there are many waste-based modifiers, a critical comparison has not been carried out among them and it is essential to compare these alternatives in multiple aspects to have a better understanding before selecting the most suitable option. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive comparison among three alternatives under performance, environmental and, economic impacts. To evaluate the performance, mechanical and rheological properties are assessed under the suitability to Sri Lankan context. The environmental and economic impacts are evaluated by calculating embodied GHG emission (ECO2-e), embodied energy (EE) and cost values to prepare 1kg of binder. The results indicate PCB is the best modifier for the Sri Lankan practice. PCB-modified binder has 13% decreased EE value and 5% decreased ECO2-e values. Further, the study reveals that PCB is the best cost-effective option by having 13% cost reduction compared to conventional binder. Pavement performance also has improved while adhering to the Sri Lankan Specifications. RHA can be recommended as the second-best alternative.