Beachrock identification using geology and geophysical approaches in Indonesia

Abstract

A unique carbonate rock developed naturally as a natural barrier presumably appropriate for advanced marine ecosystems including microbiotas in shorelines. A great deal of progress has been made in recent years to investigate the chemical characteristics of beachrocks. Beachrocks found in Krakal-Sadranan Beach can be categorized into non-beachrocks, unconsolidated beachrocks (similar to carbonate sands), and well-consolidated beachrocks, which mainly consist of rocks and minerals. A depletion of Sr concentration in the beachrocks indicates that the diagenetic processes have progressed from the land to the seashore, most likely post-deposition of the beachrock and carbonate sand. An increased concentration of Rare-Earth-Element (£REE), both heavy REE (Tb, Dy, Y, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu) and light REE (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd) signals that the beachrock deposition process happened at oxidative environmental conditions. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) drone mapping, geological analysis, and geophysical surveys were conducted to detect the underground structure of the beachrocks and to emphasize the coastal mapping based on targeted beachrock.The mechanism of beachrock formations obtained in this study would be a novel concept and applicable for the coastal zone improvements and preservations for further studies. on targeted beachrock. The mechanism of beachrock