ERU - 2013

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://192.248.9.226/handle/123/14694

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Browsing ERU - 2013 by Conference "National Engineering Conference"

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    Developing a system to calculate cutting process time of garments
    (2013) Upendra, RAS; Kaluarrachchi, P; Weerasekara, KMRD; Ratnayake, VS
    The paper includes a methodology to calculate the fabric laying and cutting times for a cutting department of an apparel manufacturing company. The methodology was developed based on the data collected for woven trouser patterns. A data base of basic times was developed for fabric laying and cutting operations. By analyzing the variations in time values in relation to the parameters that effect the process relationships were developed which were used to calculate the standard minute values for the process. The methodology can be used to calculate the SMV for a lay and it can be further used to develop incentive schemes for the cutting department.
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    Development of a new scouring methodology for the textile industry
    (2013) Wijayapala, UGS; Dharmasena, DKAS; Bandara, DMN; Chathuranga, MAI; Rajapakshe, KS
    Scouring is one of the most important processes in fabric formation in the textile industry. The main function of scouring is the removal of hydrophobic impurities in fabrics made out of natural fibers. Normally scouring is done after the sizes are removed in the desizing process. Three main scouring methods can be identified in the current textile industry. Alkaline scouring, Bio scouring, Solvent scouring are those three main methods with the alkaline scouring being the traditional and widely used method. In this research the drawbacks of the existing scouring methods have been discussed under three main aspects which are efficiency, economy and environmental friendliness. Neither of the above three scouring methods satisfy all these three aspects, at least up to a reasonable level. In order to achieve all these three objectives concurrently, development of a new process by combining existing methods was focused on in this research. This approach has not been followed in the past. Under this project, combining of Alkaline scouring with Bio scouring and Solvent scouring were separately considered as the approach of the research. Widely used Alkaline (NaOH) scouring method has been chosen as the reference method and aspects of this method were compared with experimental results. Recipes were developed according to general requirements of combining agents and tested with 100% cotton twill fabric and results were analyzed. Within all tested recipes the most suitable combination was finalized with necessary conditions in order to achieve better results in terms of efficiency, economic and environment friendliness compared to the reference methodology.
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    Feasibility study on contact dermatitis using textile finishes
    (2013) Munasinghe, PD; Wanniarachchi, T
    Contact Dermatitis (CD) is a skin disease which can make humans fearful of wearing certain fabrications. Formaldehyde and its compounds are the main causative agents and Nickel and Chromium also work as allergens for CD. Chemicals used in finishing processes are also identified as causative agents and Fiber types can have an effect on the disease. Symptoms of the disease were reviewed using books and previous researches in this study. Reddish blisters, itching and reddish skin are common symptoms of CD. As there is no evidence about CD in Ayurveda, Western medicine and Ayurweda were linked by matching symptoms to find the connectivity of the skin diseases. Ayurweda described about “Kshudra Kushta” which has similar symptoms to those of CD. Herbs such aswild snakegourd, white sandalwood, red sandal wood and Heart leaved Moonseed are used in Ayurveda to cure “Kshudra kushta”. Mixtures of herbs with fixing agents were applied to cotton and polyester fabrications through a natural dyeing method to find a fabric finishing method for CD. Two types of fixing agents; Copper Sulphate and Aluminum Sulphate were applied separately with different amounts to identify best recipe. The herbal mixture has a reddish colour. The mixture was tested with colour fastness to wash test ISO – 165-CO1:1987 and pH value of the olutions was also checked to study the feasibility. Cotton fabrications showed acceptable durability up to three (3) washes and polyester had poor durability. Wash durability is also dependent on the amount of fixing agents. There were slight colour changes after Copper sulphate treatment; Aluminum sulphate did not showed any colour change. It has neutral pH range. Fourteen (14) different garments which cause symptoms of CD were treated with the herbal mixture and wear trials were carried out. All garments showed positive results up to 3 domestic washes.
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    item: Conference-Abstract
    Proceedings of the 19th Annual Research Symposium (Pre Text)
    (The Engineering Research Unit University of Moratuwa, 2013-11) Hettiarachchi, TSS