Browsing by Author "Chathurangani, OS"

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item: Thesis-Full-text
Establishment of cover depth requirement for utility pipes in arterial roads
Chathurangani, OS; Mampearachchi, WK
Pipelines are a safe and economical mean of transporting gas, water, sewage and other fluids. They are usually buried in the ground with substantial protection. Among those utilities, water convey lines would play a vital role in supplying water to the public. At present, roads have reached their maximum capacity with the increasing of the rapid growth of traffic. Thus, the rehabilitation and widening of roads shall take place to increase the structural integrity of the road pavement and road capacity. At that moment the utility agencies have to decide whether to shift the existing lines (mainly the water lines) or keep them as they are. Therefore, a criterion is needed to decide the minimum distance above the existing lines to cater the new traffic. Furthermore, the cost of removing and replacing utility lines are generally high. Considering these facts, this research intended to identify the safe depths to locate water lines in roads subjected to different traffic loadings. Existing traffic details of some arterial roads were collected from the Road Development Authority. Heights from the existing road surface to the top of underground pipelines in some of the major roads were collected. The loading calculations were done using the „CIRCLY‟ software for a selected pavement structure. Then the bending stresses were calculated using equations. Finally, the safe depth of locating pipes for satisfying the design traffic loading was determined. Furthermore, studies can be carried out on different pavement types with different thicknesses and characteristics of pavement layers
item: Conference-Abstract
Establishment of cover depth requirement for utility pipes in arterial roads
(Department of Civil Engineering, University of Moratuwa., 2017-07) Chathurangani, OS; Mampearachchi, WK; Pasindu, HR
Pipelines are a safe and economical means of transporting water, gas, sewage and other fluids. They are usually buried in the ground to provide protection. Among those utilities, water lines play a vital role in supplying water to the public. These lines are mainly located under the carriageway of major roads. Therefore, a failure of a critical pipeline is extremely serious and has major consequences in terms of economic loss, social impacts and environmental issues. The failure modes of the pipeline differ depending on the level of applied external loads, operational conditions and pipe geometry (i.e., diameter and thickness etc.). Among them, the external loads which mainly come from a live loading increase rapidly due to the growth of traffic. With the higher growth of traffic, the existing capacities of roads have exceeded and hence required widening. Further, when the roads are widening, the existing shoulders automatically turn to lanes, causing the existing cover depths of pipes are inadequate to cater new loading. Due to this reason, the highway authorities now have persuaded to shift the utility lines under the shoulder /foot walk when widening or reconstructing of any road and the highway authorities allocated significant amount from rehabilitation budget for utility shifting. Hence it is essential to establish criteria to decide the safe cover depths for utility lines. This research is an attempt to develop a criterion to find the safe depth of cover for locating underground water lines based on various Traffic loading conditions. As a first step, the stresses acting on pipes under specified depths were found by using “CIRCLY” mechanistic pavement design software. The different pavement layer properties (i.e. thickness, elastic modulus, poison ratio) and Design Equivalent standard axles (DESA) were given as inputs. Then the stresses were obtained for different depths and DESA values. The second step was the modelling of the pipe using “Solid Works” software. Polyethylene (PE) type pipe (diameter of 110 mm) was used for modelling as it is widely used for water distribution in urban areas. The stresses were given separately for the analysis of the pipe. Then the fatigue analysis was done in order to obtain the number of cycles to fail the pipe in each depth and in each DESA. Finally, a graph was developed which ease in finding the safe depth of locating pipes for various design traffic loadings.
item: Conference-Full-text
Utilization of sawdust and coconut coir fiber for producing noise reducing wall tile
(2013-11-26) Chathurangani, OS; Perera, WJMK; Kumari, HMNS; De Silva, GHMJS; De Silva, GSY
Today noise control has become a major requirement to provide a calm and pleasing living environment. With the technological development, industrial noises, which are mainly induced by machines, affects negatively on the day-today life of surrounding people. They have faced with many problems mentally and healthily. Noise control and its principles play an important role in creating a pleasing environment. This can be achieved when the intensity of sound is brought down to a level that is not harmful to human ears. Noise barriers, noise absorbers, reflectors are used for noise controlling purpose. This research was conducted to investigate the potential of using saw dust and coconut coir fiber as sound reducers for giving a solution for the existing industrial noise problem. Wall tiles were made by using saw dust. The effects of the thickness of the tiles, their surface condition and the sawdust particle sizes on noise controlling properties were investigated. In addition, panels were casted mixing coconut coir fiber with latex of rubber. Noise Reduction Co-efficient (NRC) of these tiles was investigated by using an experimental setup including signal generator, speakers and noise level meter. The results for the saw dust tiles have showed that there was a significant effect of the tile thickness, surface condition, mix proportion and sawdust particle sizes on NRC. The NRC values obtained for sawdust tiles ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 while that for the coir fiber panels was 0.01-0.6.
item: Conference-Full-text
Utilization of sawdust and coconut coir fibre as noise reducing wall surface materials
(2013-11-09) Chathurangani, OS; Perera, WJMK; Kumari, HMNS; Subashi, GHMJ; De Silva, GSY
With the technological development, industrial noise, which is caused by machines, has become a severe problem for the day-today life of people. They have faced with many problems mentally and healthily. Therefore noise control plays an important role in creating a pleasing environment. This can be achieved when the intensity of sound is brought down to a level that is not harmful to human ears. Noise barriers, noise absorbers, reflectors are used for noise controlling purposes. This research was conducted to investigate the potential of using sawdust and coconut coir fiber as sound reducers for giving a solution for the existing noise problem. Wall tiles were made by using sawdust and panels by coconut coir fibre. For preparation of tiles using sawdust, sawdust particles were mixed with cement and sand. Latex of rubber was used with coconut coir fiber to produce pannel. For these tiles, sawdust particle sizes and tile thickness were varied. Noise Reduction Co-efficient (NRC), which is a ratio between the reduction levels of noise to the intensity of incident sound, was investigated by using an experimental setup including signal generator, speakers and the noise level meter. It was found that there was a significant effect of increasing the tile thickness, varying particle size, on NRC. NRC values obtained for sawdust and coir fiber tiles ranged from 0.1 to 0.5. It was found that these materials can be effectively used as sound reducing wall surface materials. Utilization of these materials will also reduce environmental pollution and improve sustainability.